List of U.S. states and territories by incarceration and correctional supervision rate
This article has lists of U.S. states by adult incarceration and correctional supervision rates according to United States Department of Justice figures. The state incarceration numbers include sentenced and un-sentenced inmates in jails and state prisons, but not persons in federal prisons. They are listed separately. The state numbers also do not include youth held in juvenile detention. There is a separate table of incarceration numbers for U.S. territories.
Incarceration rate by state
U.S. states by incarceration rate under state prison or local jail jurisdiction per 100,000 population. Rates are for year-end 2016. The table below has all 50 states and the District of Columbia.| Jurisdiction | Year-end 2016. In prison or jail | 2016 rate per 100,000 adults | 2016 rate per 100,000 of all ages |
| 40,900 | 1,080 | 840 | |
| 4,400 | 800 | 600 | |
| 55,000 | 1,030 | 790 | |
| 24,000 | 1,050 | 800 | |
| 202,700 | 670 | 510 | |
| 32,100 | 740 | 580 | |
| 15,000 | 530 | 420 | |
| 6,600 | 880 | 690 | |
| 1,800 | 320 | 270 | |
| 149,800 | 900 | 720 | |
| 91,400 | 1,160 | 880 | |
| 5,600 | 500 | 390 | |
| 11,300 | 900 | 670 | |
| 60,800 | 620 | 480 | |
| 43,200 | 850 | 650 | |
| 13,400 | 560 | 430 | |
| 17,200 | 780 | 590 | |
| 34,700 | 1,010 | 780 | |
| 45,400 | 1,270 | 970 | |
| 4,100 | 380 | 300 | |
| 28,400 | 610 | 470 | |
| 19,400 | 360 | 280 | |
| 56,500 | 730 | 570 | |
| 16,300 | 380 | 290 | |
| 28,700 | 1,260 | 960 | |
| 44,300 | 940 | 730 | |
| 5,700 | 700 | 550 | |
| 8,800 | 610 | 460 | |
| 20,200 | 890 | 680 | |
| 4,500 | 410 | 330 | |
| 32,000 | 460 | 360 | |
| 14,700 | 930 | 710 | |
| 74,400 | 480 | 380 | |
| 54,100 | 680 | 530 | |
| 3,100 | 540 | 410 | |
| 71,000 | 790 | 610 | |
| 39,000 | 1,310 | 990 | |
| 20,700 | 640 | 500 | |
| 82,400 | 810 | 640 | |
| 3,100 | 370 | 290 | |
| 32,100 | 820 | 640 | |
| 5,800 | 880 | 670 | |
| 48,400 | 930 | 720 | |
| 218,500 | 1,050 | 780 | |
| 11,700 | 540 | 380 | |
| 1,700 | 340 | 280 | |
| 57,500 | 880 | 680 | |
| 30,400 | 530 | 410 | |
| 10,100 | 690 | 550 | |
| 35,600 | 790 | 620 | |
| 3,900 | 870 | 660 | |
| States, and District of Columbia | 1,942,600 | 780 | 600 |
| Federal | 188,400 | 80 | 60 |
| US total | 2,131,000 | 850 | 660 |
Incarceration rates by US territory
| Territory | Prison population percent male | Prison population percent female | Total number of prisoners | Incarceration rate per 100,000 of all ages | Data year |
| 94.5% | 5.5% | 193 | 345 | 2017 | |
| 92.8% | 7.2% | 628 | 381 | 2017 | |
| 94.2% | 5.8% | 270 | 482 | 2017 | |
| 96.4% | 3.6% | 10,475 | 313 | 2017 | |
| 97.3% | 2.7% | 577 | 542 | 2013 |
Comparison with other countries
According to the World Prison Brief the United States currently has the largest prison population in the world, and the highest incarceration rate.On January 1, 2008 more than 1 in 100 adults in the United States were in prison or jail. Total US incarceration peaked in 2008.
In addition to the overall highest incarceration rate, the United States also has the highest rate of female incarceration. According to a November 2017 report by the World Prison Brief around 212,000 of the 714,000 female prisoners worldwide are incarcerated in the United States. In the United States in 2015, women made up 10.4% of the incarcerated population in adult prisons and jails. In most countries, the proportion of female inmates to the larger prison population is closer to one in twenty. Australia is the exception where the rate of female imprisonment increased from 9.2 percent in 1991 to 15.3 percent in 1999.
Comparing other English-speaking developed countries, whereas the incarceration rate in the US is 660 per 100,000 population of all ages, the incarceration rate of Canada is 114 per 100,000, England and Wales is 146 per 100,000, and Australia is 160 per 100,000. Comparing other developed countries, the rate of Spain is 133 per 100,000, France is 110 per 100,000 , Germany is 76 per 100,000, Norway is 73 per 100,000, Netherlands is 69 per 100,000, and Japan is 48 per 100,000.
In addition, the United States has striking statistics when observing the racial dimension of mass incarceration. According to Michelle Alexander, the United States "imprisons a larger percentage of its black population than South Africa did at the height of apartheid."
Correctional supervision rates by state
Chart below has numbers for people in adult facilities, and for people on probation and on parole. The incarceration numbers in the main part of the chart below are for sentenced and unsentenced inmates in adult facilities in local jails and state prisons, but not for people in federal prisons.The bottom of the chart has totals and average rates for each column.
Federal prison numbers are added at the end of the chart. So the total number under adult correctional supervision is 6,582,100. That is a correctional supervision rate of 2,630 per 100,000 adult US residents. That rounds off to 2.6% of adult US residents.