List of South American animals extinct in the Holocene
This is a list of extinct animals of South America. Animals that became extinct in the Holocene period in South America.
Mammals
Prehistoric mammal extinctions| Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | - |
| Antifer Antifer crassus | 11,000 BC | Argentina, Brazil and Chile | -- |
| Arctotherium Arctotherium sp. | 11,000 BC | South America | |
| Canis nehringi | 8,000 BC | South America | -- |
| Cuvieronius Cuvieronius sp. | 4,000 BC | South America | |
| Dire wolf Canis dirus | 11,000 BC | South America | |
| Ground sloths Catonyx Eremotherium Glossotherium Lestodon Megatherium Nematherium Nothrotherium Scelidotherium | 6,000 BC | South America | |
| Glyptodonts Doedicurus Eleutherocercus Glyptodon Hoplophorus Lomaphorus Panochthus | 11,000 BC | South America | |
| Hippidion | 10,000 BC | South America | |
| Macrauchenia Macrauchenia sp. | 10,000 BC | South America | |
| Neochoerus Neochoerus sp. | 10,000 BC | South America | -- |
| Notiomastodon Notiomastodon platensis | 10,000 BC | South America | |
| Smilodon Smilodon populator | 10,000 BC | Northern South America | |
| Stegomastodon Stegomastodon sp. | 10,000 BC | South America | |
| Stout-legged llama Palaeolama mirifica | 10,000 BC | South America | -- |
| Theriodictis Theriodictis sp. | 11,000 BC | Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay | -- |
| Toxodon Toxodon sp. | 16,500 BC | South America | |
| Xenorhinotherium Xenorhinotherium bahiensis | 10,000 BC | Brazil and Venezuela | -- |
Recent mammal extinctions
| Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
| Candango mouse Juscelinomys candango | 1960 | Brazil | -- |
| Caribbean monk seal Monachus tropicalis | 1952 | Caribbean Sea | |
| Darwin's Galapagos mouse Nesoryzomys darwini | 1929 | Ecuador | -- |
| Falkland Islands wolf Dusicyon australis | 1876 | United Kingdom | |
| Galápagos giant rat Megaoryzomys curioi | unknown | Ecuador | |
| Indefatigable Galapagos mouse Nesoryzomys indefessus | 1930s | Ecuador | -- |
| Giant vampire bat Desmodus draculae | unknown | Bolivia, Brazil and Venezuela | |
| Peruvian viscacha Lagostomus crassus | before 1910 | Peru | -- |
| Red-bellied gracile opossum Cryptonanus ignitus | 1962 | Argentina | -- |
| Vespucci's rodent Noronhomys vespuccii | 1503? | Brazil | -- |
Possibly extinct mammals
| Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
| One-striped opossum Monodelphis unistriata) | 1899 | Argentina & Brazil | -- |
| Pacific degu Octodon pacificus | 1994 | Mocha Island, Chile | -- |
| Zuniga's dark rice rat Melanomys zunigae | 1942 | Peru | -- |
Birds
Recent bird extinctions| Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
| Alejandro Selkirk Island firecrown Sephanoides fernandensis leyboldi | 1908 | Chile | |
| Colombian grebe Podiceps andinus | 1970 | Colombia | -- |
| Darwin's ground finch Geospiza magnirostris magnirostris | 1957 | Ecuador | -- |
| Niceforo's pintail Anas georgica niceforoi | 1952 | Colombia | -- |
| San Cristóbal vermilion flycatcher Pyrocephalus rubinus dubius | 1980s | Ecuador | -- |
| Red-throated wood-rail Aramides gutturalis | 1843 | Peru |
Possibly extinct birds
| Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
| Antioquia brush finch Atlapetes blancae | 1971 | Colombia | -- |
| Bogota sunangel Heliangelus zusii | 1907 | Colombia | -- |
| Northern curlew Numenius borealis | 1939, 1962 | Brazil, Argentina, Perú and Chile. | |
| Glaucous macaw Anodorhynchus glaucus | 1960s | Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay | |
| Hooded seedeater Sporophila melanops | 1823 | Brazil | -- |
| Letitia's thorntail Discosura letitiae | 1852 | Bolivia | |
| Turquoise-throated puffleg Eriocnemis godini | 1850 | Colombia and Ecuador |
Amphibians
Recent amphibian extinctions| Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
| Atelopus vogli | 1933 | Venezuela | -- |
| Spiny-knee leaf frog Phrynomedusa fimbriata | 1920s | Brazil | -- |
Possibly extinct amphibians
| Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
| Chile Darwin's frog Rhinoderma rufum | 1980 | Chile | -- |
Reptiles
Recent reptile extinctions| Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
| Charles Island tortoise Chelonoidis nigra | 1850 | Ecuador | |
| Pinta Island tortoise Chelonoidis abingdonii | June 24, 2012 | Ecuador |
Fish
Recent fish extinctions| Common name\scientific name | Extinction date | Range | Image |
| Greasefish Rhizosomichthys totae | unknown | Colombia | -- |
| Titicaca orestias Orestias cuvieri | 1930s | Lake Titicaca, Bolivia and Peru |
Mollusks
Worms
- Rhinodrilus fafner
Insects
- Megadytes ducalis
- Rhantus orbignyi
Bibliographies
- BirdLife International Species factsheet: Calyptura cristata. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 25/3/2006
- IUCN 2004. 2004 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species.
. Downloaded on 24 March 2006. - Maas, P.H.J. 2005. Rediscovered Animals. The Extinction Website. Downloaded from https://web.archive.org/web/20111013123736/http://extinct.petermaas.nl/ on 25/3/2006