List of Ayyubid rulers
The Ayyubid dynasty ruled many parts of the Middle East and North Africa in the 12th and 13th centuries. The following is a list of Ayyubid rulers by county/province.Sultans of Egypt
See Rulers of Islamic Egypt.
- Saladin, son of Ayyub, 1169–1193
- Al-Aziz Uthman, son of Saladin, 1193–1198
- Al-Mansur Nasir al-Din Muhammad, son of al-Aziz Uthman, 1198–1200
- Al-Adil Sayf al-Din Abu Bakr I, brother of Saladin, 1200–1218
- Al-Kamil, son of al-Adil I, 1218–1238
- Al-Adil Sayf al-Din Abu Bakr II, son of al-Kamil, 1238–1240
- As-Salih Ayyub, son of al-Kamil, 1240–1249
- Al-Mu'azzam Turan-Shah, son of as-Salih Ayyub, 1249–1250
- Al-Ashraf Musa, presumed descendant of Saladin, 1250-1254.
Displaced in Egypt by the Mamluk sultanate, ruled briefly by Shajar al-Durr, widow of as-Salih Ayyub, and then Aybak, 1254.Sultans and Emirs of Damascus
See Rulers of Damascus.
- Saladin, 1174–1193
- Al-Afdal, son of Saladin, 1193–1196
- Al-Adil I, brother of Saladin, 1196–1218
- Al-Mu'azzam Isa, son of al-Adil I, 1218–1227
- An-Nasir Dawud, son of al-Mu'azzam Isa, 1227–1229
- Al-Ashraf Musa, son of al-Adil I, 1229–1237
- As-Salih Ismail, son of al-Adil I, 1237–1238
- Al-Kamil, son of al-Adil I, 1238
- Al-Adil Sayf al-Din Abu Bakr II, son of al-Kamil, 1238–1239
- As-Salih Ayyub, son of al-Adil I, 1239
- As-Salih Ismail, 1239–1245
- As-Salih Ayyub, 1245–1249
- Al-Muazzam Turanshah, son of as-Salih Ayyub, 1249–1250
- An-Nasir Yusuf, son of al-Aziz Muhammad, 1250–1260.
Takeover by Mongols, and then Mamluks following the battle of Ain Jalut, 1260.Emirs of Aleppo
See Rulers of Aleppo.
- Saladin, 1183–1193
- Az-Zahir Ghazi, son of Saladin, 1193–1216
- Al-Aziz Muhammad, son of az-Zahir Ghazi, 1216–1236
- An-Nasir Yusuf, son of al-Aziz Muhammad, 1236–1260.
Takeover by Mongols, and then Mamluks following the battle of Ain Jalut, 1260.Emirs of Baalbek
See Baalbek, Middle Ages.
- Shams al-Din Muhammad ibn al-Muqaddam, appointed by Saladin, 1175-1178
- Turan-Shah, brother of Saladin, 1178-1179
- Farrukh Shah, nephew of Saladin, 1179-1182
- Bahram Shah, son of Farrukh Shah, 1182-1230
- Al-Ashraf Musa, son of al-Adil I, 1230-1237
- As-Salih Ismail, brother of al-Ashraf Musa, 1237-1246
- Saʿd al-Din al-Humaidi, 1246-1249
- Al-Muazzam Turanshah, son of al-Salih Ayyub, 1249-1250
- An-Nasir Yusuf, as sultan of Aleppo and Damascus, son of al-Aziz Muhammad, 1250-1260.
Takeover by Mongols, and then Mamluks following the battle of Ain Jalut, 1260.Emirs of Hama
See Hama, Muslim Rule.
- Al-Muzaffar Umar, son of Nur al-Din Shahanshah, 1178–1191
- Al-Mansur Muhammad, son of al-Muzaffar Umar, 1191–1221
- Al-Nasir Kilij Arslan, son of al-Mansur Muhammad, 1221–1229
- Al-Muzaffar II Mahmud, son of al-Mansur Muhammad, 1229–1244
- Al-Mansur II Muhammad, son of al-Muzaffar II Mahmud, 1244–1284
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- Abu al-Fida, son of Malik ul-Afdal, 1310–1332
- Al-Afdal Muhammad, son of Abu al-Fida, 1332–1341.
Formal takeover by Mamluk sultanate in 1341.Emirs of Homs
See Homs, Seljuk, Ayyubid and Mamluk Rule.
- Muhammad ibn Shirkuh, son of Shirkuh, 1178–1186
- Al-Mujahid Shirkuh, son of Muhammad ibn Shirkuh, 1186–1240
- Al-Mansur Ibrahim, son of al-Mujahid Shirkuh, 1240–1246
- Al-Ashraf Musa, son of al-Mansur Ibrahim, 1246–1248, 1248-1260
- An-Nasir Yusuf, as sultan of Aleppo and Damascus, son of al-Aziz Muhammad, 1250-1260
- Al-Ashraf Musa, 1260-1263.
Directly ruled by Mamluks under Alam al-Din Sanjar al-Bashqirdi, assigned by Baibars, sultan of Egypt and Syria, from 1263.See Hisn Kaifa, Ayyubid and Mongols.
- As-Salih Ayyub, son of al-Kamil, 1232–1239
- Al-Mu'azzam Turanshah, son of as-Salih Ayyub, 1239–1249
- Muwahhid Taqiyya ad-Din Abdullah, son of al-Mu'azzam Turanshah, 1249–1294
- Kamil Ahmad I, 1294–1325
- Adil Mujir ad-Din Muhammad, 1325–1328
- Adil Shahab ad-Din, 1328–1349
- Salih Abu-Bakr Khalil I, 1349–1378
- Adil Fakhr ad-Din Sulayman I, 1378-1432
- Ashraf Sharaf ad Din, 1432–1433
- Salih Salah ad-Din, 1433–1452
- Kamil Ahmad II, 1452–1455
- Adil Khalif, 1455–1462
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- Salih Khalil II, 1482–1511
- Adil Sulayman II, 1511–1514
- Salih Khalil II, 1514–1520
- Malik Hussayn, 1520–1521
- Adil Sulayman II, 1521–1524.
Takeover by the Ottoman empire in 1524.Emirs of al-Karak
Also referred to as governors of Transjordan. See al-Karak, Crusader, Ayyubid and Mamluk Periods.
- Saladin, 1188
- Al-Adil I, brother of Saladin, 1188-1193
- Al-Mu'azzam Isa, son of al-Adil I, 1193–1227
- An-Nasir Dawud, son of al-Mu'azzam Isa, 1229–1249
- Al-Mughith 'Umar, son of al-Adil II, 1249–1263.
Taken by Mamluks under Baibars, sultan of Egypt and Syria, in 1263.See Diyar Bakr.
- Saladin, 1185–1193
- Al-Adil I, brother of Saladin, 1193–1200
- Al-Awhad Ayyub, son of al-Adil I, 1200–1210
- Al-Ashraf Musa, son of al-Adil I, 1210–1220
- Al-Muzaffar Ghazi, son of al-Adil I, 1220–1244
- Al-Kamil Muhammad, son of al-Muzaffar Ghazi, 1244-1260.
Taken by Mongols in 1260.Emirs of Yemen and Hejaz
See Yemen, Ayyubid Conquest.
- Turan-Shah, brother of Saladin, 1173–1181
- Tughtakin ibn Ayyub, brother of Saladin, 1181–1197
- Mu'izz al-Din Isma'il, son of Tughtakin ibn Ayyub, 1197–1202
- An-Nasir Ayyub, son of Tughtakin ibn Ayyub, 1202–1214
- Al-Muzaffar Sulayman, son of Nur al-Din Shahanshah, 1214–1215
- Al-Mas'ud Yusuf, son of Al-Kamil, 1215–1229.
Takeover by Rasulid dynasty of Yemen in 1129.
