The workshop of Adoniram in Jerusalem Adoniram, sculptor and architect of Soliman's temple, prays to Tubal-cain, who was the first metal-worker according to the Bible, for help in his latest monumental project, the forging of an enormous bowl, a "sea of bronze". Three of Adoniram's workers, Amrou, Phanor and Méthousaë, enter and demand of him increased privileges and better pay, but Adoniram dismisses them. An emissary from Soliman invites him to the ceremony welcoming the legendary beauty, Balkis the Queen of Sheba, at the temple he designed. The three disgruntled employees of Adoniram plot to get back at him. In front of the magnificent temple of Soliman as Balkis, the Queen of Sheba, 1862 A march and procession announce the arrival of Balkis, the Queen of Sheba, on a state visit to Jerusalem. Soliman asks her for the ring she promised him as a symbol of their engagement; she gives it to him with reluctance. Balkis is tremendously impressed by the splendour of the temple and asks to meet the architect. She is presented to Adoniram and gives him a necklace as a mark of her esteem. This, and Adoniram's popularity with the crowd, arouse Soliman's jealousy.
Act 2
A site in Jerusalem, with a blast furnace The King, Balkis and the people have come to watch the casting of Adoniram's "sea of bronze". However, Amrou, Phanor and Méthousaël have sabotaged the process and molten metal pours out uncontrolled. All run for cover as the furnace explodes.
Act 3
A clearing in the woods where Balkis and her suite have their quarters After a ballet of her serving- women Balkis reflects on the love she feels for Adoniram. He appears, and abashed by the public failure of his forging of the "sea of bronze", tries to return to her the necklace she gave him. She refuses to take it and the pair confess the love they feel for each other. Benoni, Adorinam's assistant, appears with the news that the mould of the "bronze sea" was repaired, apparently by supernatural agency, and the cast is now completed. As Adorinam, Balkis and her suite give thanks to Tubal-cain for hearing Adorinam's prayers, Amrou, Phanor and Méthousaël, who have been watching these proceedings unobserved, resolve to tell the King of Adnorinam and Balkis' love.
Act 4
A splendid room in Soliman's summer palace Soliman is distressed by Balkis' apparent reluctance to wed him as she agreed. Amrou, Phanor and Méthousaël inform the King about Adoniram's and Balkis' tryst but the King does not believe them. Adoniram appears and rejects the King's attempts to appease him. After he leaves, Balkis enters and asks to delay the wedding, which arouses Soliman's fury. A sleeping powder is put into his drink and Balkis slips the ring she gave him off his finger while he is unconscious.
Act 5
A narrow gorge in the midst of a storm Adoniram is waiting for Balkis to elope with him, as they had arranged, at this spot. Instead, Amrou, Phanor and Méthousaël appear and renew their demands, which he again rejects. They stab him and flee. The Queen arrives and is horrified to find Adoniram dead. She slips the ring she had given to Soliman on to Adoniram's finger and bitterly mourns his death over his body.
US premiere
, Boston, gave the US premiere of the opera in a concert version on 22 September 2018.
An English reworking of the libretto by Henry Farnie "interwoven certain legends and traditions of freemasonry" was titled Irene. It transposed the action to Istanbul in the time of Suleyman the Magnificent and the building of the Great Mosque and used almost all of Gounod's music. It was not a success.
Highlights
The big song from La reine de Saba is the tenor aria 'Inspirez-moi, race divine!', in which the hero invokes the example of the sons of Tubal-cain as the molten metal flows into its mould. In its English version 'How vain and weak a thing is man... Lend me your aid, O race divine', this became a war-horse of the concert repertoire, surviving into the 20th century in the recordings of Edward Lloyd and Walter Widdop. It was also recorded by Enrico Caruso, in one of whose versions the English text was re-translated back into French with the exceptionable formula: 'Prête-moi ton aide'. Balkis' cavatina "Plus grand dans son obscurité" has been recorded by Francoise Pollet, Elīna Garanča, Elizabeth Whitehouse, Marian Anderson and Karine Deshayes.
Recordings
Francesca Scaini La Reine Balkis, Jeon-Won Lee Adoniram, Anna Lucia Alessio Bénoni, Annalisa Carbonara Sarahil, Luca Grassi Le Roi Soliman, Salvatore Cordella Amrou, Jean Vendassi Phanor, Pietro Naviglio Méthousaël, Volodymyr Deyneka Sadoc ; Bratislava Chamber Choir Italian International Orchestra Manlio Benzi
