Krvna Osveta is a law of vendetta among South Slavic peoples in Montenegro and Herzegovina, practised by Montenegrins, Serbs and Bosniaks throughout history since medieval times. It is an oath of revenge for vendetta, meaning that the person must take revenge on whomever killed his relative by killing the murderer or one of the murderer's close relatives. The practice started in the Balkans in the 15th century, under Ottoman rule and the law decreased in the 19th century, when the Balkan countries slowly got their independence from the Ottoman Empire. In pre-Ottoman Serbian principalities, blood money was paid, one half went to the Serbian Orthodox Church, while the other to the victim's family. Stefan Uroš talks about the Vražda in his works. After Ottoman conquest of Serbia, self-governing clans often feuded with each other. Families in Serbia abandoned the tradition as the bigger threats to family integrity was ethnic Albanians and Turks rather than of their own ethnic group. When a family member has been killed, the perpetrator's family has a "Blood debt" which can only be removed when the victim's family has had their revenge by killing the aggressor or any member of the murderer's family. Only then has the family of the victim received peace. However, killing in your own house is the worst action, representing unmorality, which is a great shame in Montenegrin culture. If a criminal was murdered, it often did not result in a feud as criminality was negative in the eyes of society, but in some cases the criminal's family went on to kill serdars and other high ranked people.
In Montenegro, among local Slavic peoples the feuds predominantly affected Montenegrins.
In Herzegovina Montenegrins had feuds with each other. A neutral region was Grahovo and Vučja Zuba where blood feuds were not recorded.
The Osveta is not limited to males, females that have their husbands or relatives killed could take on the blood debt, an instance is recorded from the Bjelopavlići clan, where a widow took out revenge for the murder of her husband. If a bratstva finds and captures a thief or murderer they could go to the person's house or relatives and tell them that their relative is a murderer or thief and end with something like "If we kill him, we are not to be held for" If the relatives answers "Do what you like with him" -the bratstva, if they kill the captive, they don't have a blood debt to his relatives because they settled his fate. The blood feuds resulted in major instability in Montenegro, Kosovo and diaspora of Montenegrins in later centuries.
