Chatman took official visits to Michigan, Oregon, USC and Arizona in successive weeks in September 2013. Chatman led Columbia Christian to the 2014 Oregon School Activities Association Class 1A championship with a team-high 19 points in the 69-48 victory over Horizon Christian Schools on March 8. He formerly played for varsity basketball for Jefferson High School in Portland, Oregon, junior varsity at Long Beach Polytechnic High School in Long Beach, California due to eligibility issues after transferring. He had transferred to Long Beach, where his godfather and travel team coach Sharrief Metoyer was the coach, but the California Interscholastic Federation ruled him ineligible for varsity competition for following his travel team coach. Upon returning to Oregon, he chose a small school so that he could focus on his academics with fewer distractions. When he was named to the Jordan Brand Classic, he was the fourth-highest rated commit in the Big Ten behind Ohio State recruits D'Angelo Russell and Keita Bates-Diop and Indiana's James Blackmon, Jr., according to Rivals.com. Russell and Blackmon were also selected for the Jordan Brand Classic. Chatman scored 7 points and had 2 assists in eleven minutes of play in the game. On May 5, 2014, USA Basketball announced the 21 athletes invited to tryout from June 10 to 19 for the 12-member USA national team for the June 20-24, 2014 FIBA Americas Under-18 Championship. Chatman was one of 10 incoming freshman to be selected. Eventually, 24 players tried out for the team and Chatman was eliminated when the roster was cut to 15 on June 12. Chatman planned to enroll at Michigan for the summer semester on June 19 or thereabouts.
Chatman began the season as a starter against. In the March 11, 2016 Big Ten Conference Men's Basketball Tournament quarterfinals upset of No. 1-seeded Indiana, Chatman scored the game-winning three-point field goal with 0.2 seconds remaining. Following the season, Kameron Chatman announced his intention to transfer with two years of eligibility remaining. On June 8, Chatman he committed to transfer to play at for the Detroit Titans under head coachBacari Alexander after sitting out one season. Alexander had been a Michigan assistant coach until a few weeks earlier. One week later, his father, Canaan Chatman, was announced as an assistant coach on Alexander's staff.
Chatman debuted with a team-high 23 points for Detroit Mercy against Virginia Tech on November 10. On November 19, Chatman achieved a double-double when posted 22 points and 16 rebounds in an overtime victory over Houston Baptist. On November 22, Chatman hit the game-winning shot with 2 seconds left as part of an 18-point, 9-rebound effort in a 72-70 victory against St. Louis. Chatman was named Horizon LeaguePlayer of the Week on November 27. In a November 28 loss to Fort Wayne, Chatman posted a career-high 31 points and 10 rebounds. Through games of January 5, Chatman led the Horizon League in rebounding and three-point shooting percentage and was fourth in scoring, then he was sidelined with an injury. He missed three games before returning to the lineup on January 16. Following the regular season, he was named to the All-Horizon League second team. After a season in which he led his team in scoring and rebounding and was among the top 10 in the Horizon League in several statistics, he declared for the 2018 NBA draft but did not immediately hire an agent. Although he was not expected to remain eligible for the draft, he eventually hired an agent and forfeited his college eligibility. An issue for him at the time of his decision was the fact that Detroit Mercy had not hired a coach after firing head coach Bacari Alexander two months earlier, leaving the program in disarray.
Professional career
After going undrafted in the 2018 NBA draft, Chatman signed with Pınar Karşıyaka of the Basketbol Süper Ligi. He played 13 games in the Basketbol Süper Ligi and 9 in the 2018–19 FIBA Europe Cup averaging 5.1 points and 2.5 rebounds in 16.7 minutes of action for Pınar Karşıyaka before signing with the Erie BayHawks of the NBA G League. On October 22, 2019, he has signed with Limburg United of the Pro Basketball League.
Personal life
Chatman is a cousin of Ndamukong Suh who played defensive tackle for the nearby Detroit Lions when Chatman went to Michigan.