Kamer-Kollezhsky rampart


Kamer-Kollezhsky rampart was a rampart which was built by Kamer Collegium and became the last of the Moscow city walls. After demolishing of the ramparts and gates it became a ring of streets around the center of Moscow, Russia. It is the third historical ring of Moscow, with a total length of 37 kilometers, partially integrated into the modern Third Ring circular highway. Kamer-Kollezhsky Val is not a road ring in a strict sense, as it has no crossings over the Moskva River.
The rampart was built in 1731-1742 by Kamer Collegium, originally as an earth wall with 16 guarded checkpoints for internal passport control and taxing the cargoes. By 1806, it became Moscow's police border, by 1864 - the administrative border between the city, controlled by Moscow City Hall and country, controlled by Zemstvo.
Checkpoints were abandoned in 1852, and all fortifications gradually demolished. Names of streets and squares on the site of old rampart end in Russian words Val and Zastava, i.e. Rogozhsky Val. Exceptions:
During the Communist rule, some of these streets were renamed after revolutionaries, however preserving the archaic elements Val and Zastava, which resulted in ridiculous names like Frunzensky Val and Abel'manovskaya Zastava. This was a source of jokes.
Territories around the rampart developed in the second half of the 19th century as industrial, working-class neighborhoods.
The Third Ring, built in the 1990s, coincides with the rampart in its northern segment; in the north-eastern segment, the rampart extends beyond Third Ring; elsewhere, the Third Ring extends beyond the rampart. Likewise, the boundary of Central Administrative District is distinct from both Kamer-Kollezhsky Val and Third Ring.

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