Joseph Blackburn (painter)


Joseph Blackburn, also known as Jonathan Blackburn, was an English portrait painter who worked mainly in Bermuda and in colonial America. His notable works include portraits of Hugh Jones and Colonel Theodore Atkinson.

Life and career

He seems to have been the son of a painter, and to have had a studio in Boston in 1750-1765; among his patrons were many important early American families, including the Apthorps, Amorys, Bulfinches, Lowells, Ewings, Saltonstalls, Winthrops, Winslows and Otises of Boston. Blackburn spent time in Bermuda, Newport, Boston, and Portsmouth. In late 1763 he returned to London and painted portraits in southwestern England, Wales, and Dublin between 1768 and 1777. Approximately one hundred fifty of Blackburn's portraits survive. He excelled at painting textiles.
Some of his portraits are in the possession of the public library of Lexington, Massachusetts, and of the Massachusetts Historical Society, but most of them are privately owned and are scattered over the country, the majority being in Boston. One portrait, of Elizabeth Browne Rogers completed in 1761, is part of the permanent American art collection at Reynolda House Museum of American Art located in Winston-Salem, North Carolina.
and family, by Joseph Blackburn, is one of the first group portraits in America. Subjects: Isaac Winslow ; elder daughter, Lucy Winslow ; child in mother's lap, Hannah Winslow. The painting is in the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston.
John Singleton Copley was Blackburn's pupil, and it is said that he finally left his studio in Boston, through jealousy of Copley's superior success. His pictures were long attributed to Copley.
"Now, thanks to evidence found within records held in our collections, we are able to confirm that Joseph Blackburn lived and died in the city of Worcester. He and his family lived in Broad Street in the parish of St. Nicholas. The exact date they moved there is unclear, but he certainly is a resident in 1768. They also leased properties around St. Martins Gate in the city, including The White Horse pub. Joseph inherited the lease for the properties after his father, Joseph Blackburn, gentleman, of Kinfare,, Staffordshire, and possibly his aunt, Henrietta Blackburn of Worcester died in 1759.
"The 1759 will of Henrietta mentions Joseph’s wife Mary and their two daughters, Henrietta and Elizabeth. His daughters both married local men: Henrietta to William Hill and Elizabeth to George Squire, but both women appear to have died without children...."

Dates of birth and death

There is a degree of confusion about the dates of birth and death of Blackburn. The most common suggestion for year of death is 1778 whereas Microsoft Encarta suggests 1774. 1730 is usually posited as the year of birth but it is at best an estimate.
Some sources still give 1700–1765 as Blackburn's years. These most likely derive from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica, published prior to Lawrence Park's review, "Joseph Blackburn – Portrait Painter", printed in the Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society in 1922, which established many of the known works of Blackburn.
In 2015 Worcestershire Archives announced that they had located details of Blackburn's burial in Worcester in 1787.

Artworks

Selected artworks
YearTitleImageDimensionsCollectionComments
1760Portrait of Colonel Theodore Atkinson, oil on canvas 50 × 40 in. Worcester Art Museum, Worcester, MassachusettsSubject: lived 1697-1779; husband of Hannah Wentworth ; colonial chief justice of New Hampshire Superior Court. and
1760Benning Wentworth, oil on canvasH-93.5 W-58 inchesNew Hampshire Historical Society, Concord, New HampshireSubject: lived 1696-1770, governor of New Hampshire, Bennington, Vermont is named after him.
1760Portrait of Mrs. Theodore Atkinson, oil on canvas 49 × 39 in. Worcester Art Museum, Worcester, Massachusetts Subject: Hannah Wentworth ; sister of first royal governor of New Hampshire; wife of Colonel Theodore Atkinson.
1761Thomas Wentworth, oil on canvasSan Diego Museum of Art, San Diego, CaliforniaSubject: Thomas Wentworth
1761Portrait of Elizabeth Browne Rogers, oil on canvas 50 × 40 in. Reynolda House Museum of American Art, Winston-Salem, North CarolinaSubject: Elizabeth Browne ; youngest daughter of Rev. Arthur Browne ; wife of Robert Rogers ; later wife of John Roche. and
1762Portrait of Ann Saltonstall, oil
1762Portrait of Anne Saltonstall, oil on canvas30 × 24 in. San Antonio Museum of Art, San Antonio, Texas
1762Portrait of Samuel Cutts, oil on canvas 50 × 40 in. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York CitySubject: lived 1726-1801.
1762Portrait of Mrs. Samuel Cutts, oil on canvas 50 × 40 in. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York CitySubject: lived 1735-1812.
1764Portrait of Hugh Jones, last known dated portrait by this artist50 × 40 in. Worcester Art Museum, Worcester, Massachusetts