Jeonju
Jeonju is the 16th largest city in South Korea and the capital of North Jeolla Province. It is both urban and rural due to the closeness of Wanju County which almost entirely surrounds Jeonju. The name Jeonju literally means "Perfect Region" for perfect, . It is an important tourist center famous for Korean food, historic buildings, sports activities, and innovative festivals.
In May 2012, Jeonju was chosen as a Creative Cities for Gastronomy as part of UNESCO's Creative Cities Network. This honour recognizes the city's traditional home cooking handed down over thousands of years, its active public and private food research, a system of nurturing talented chefs, and its hosting of distinctive food festivals.
History
The Paekche kingdom was located in southwestern Korea which included the area Jeonju is now located. It's believed that Jeonju was founded as a market town within Paekche around 57 BCE.Jeonju was conquered by the kingdom of Silla and their Chinese Tang allies in 660 CE. It soon became part of the Silla kingdom and in 685, Jeonju became one of the nine chu. From 889 and onward, peasant revolts became widespread throughout the kingdom and it also spread to Jeonju where it became the headquarters of one of the most powerful rebel leaders of the time, Kyonhwon. In 892, Kyonhwon renamed the city Wansan and established it as the capital of the Later Paekche kingdom. From Wansan, Kyonhwon campaigned against Silla which climaxed with the destruction of Komsung and the assassination of King Kyongae in 927. With the decline of Silla, Kyonhwon and Wang Kon waged battle for control of the peninsula. However, Wang Kon and his forces invaded Later Paekche in 934 and Jeonju surrendered to him in 935.
Under Koguryo rule, Jeonju reverted to being a provincial capital and enjoyed relative stability and economic growth. However, in 1182, the city was taken by peasant rebels with the aid of governmental troops stationed there who resented being forced to do heavy labor along slaves.The rebellion was soon suppressed forty days after it began.
The Joseon defeated Koguryo and founded a new dynasty in 1392 and took all their possessions including Jeonju. The Joseon considered Jeonju their ancestral home. During the Joseon period, Jeonju became the capital of a reorganized Jeolla. In 1413, Jeonju was given the honor of safekeeping copies of the Annals of the Choson Dynasty which still survives extant in the former Confucian academy in Jeonju.
The town was occupied by the Donghak peasants' movement in 1894. Jeonju was then occupied by the Japanese beginning in 1910. The ancient walls of the old city were destroyed by the Japanese authorities with the P'ungnammum Gate being the only remnant left today. Jeonju's population grew between 1925 and 1949 when it reached 100,000 inhabitants. Jeonju was given metropolitan status in 1935, and the city was founded in 1949. During the Division of Korea, Jeonju was not in the immediate frontline of the war but by the armistice signing in July 1953, Jeonju suffered bombardment and the loss of many male residents who fought during the war.
Jeonju was given its modern boundaries and government system in 1963. It has since then industrialized rapidly. Since the Joseon Dynasty period, it was a metropolis, but it did not experience industrialization in the 20th century compared to other parts of Korea. It does not have the industrial infrastructure, manufacturing, or heavy industries found in other Korean major cities. Today, traditional touring and sight seeing is a major industry in the city.
Culture
- Jeonju bibimbap 전주비빔밥, a traditional local food, is well known across South Korea. There are several very popular vegetarian restaurants serving Jeonju style food and pine wine.
- The National Jeonju Museum exhibits ancient relics from the Baekje days.
- There are extensive royal museums, temples, a castle fortress on a hillside, and a well-known paper museum, as well as an annual paper fashion show highlighting the latest styles and traditional Korean clothing made of paper.
- The Jeonju Hanok Village is a traditional-style village in the heart of Jeonju, housing over 800 traditional "hanok" style buildings. It contains many traditional tea shops, souvenir shops, and restaurants.
- Jeongdong Catholic Church was built 1908–1914 by French priest Xavier Baudonet on the site of the Korean Catholic martyrs in 1791 and 1801. This Byzantine and Romanesque church has been designated Korea National Treasure No. 288.
- The Jeonju International Sori Festival was among Songlines' 25 Best International Festivals in 2014.
- The Jeonju International Film Festival draws about 50,000 visitors annually.
- Jeonju is the hometown of the breakdancing crew Last for One, international Battle of the Year champions.
Notable people
- Defconn, rapper and TV personality
- Lee Min-woo, singer and member of Shinhwa
- Kim Kyu-jong, singer and member of SS501
- Yoon Kyun-sang, actor
- Taeyeon, singer and member of Girls' Generation
- Kim Sung-kyu, singer and member of Infinite
- Hwasa, singer and member of Mamamoo
- Wheein, singer and member of Mamamoo
- Choi Byung-chan, singer and member of Victon
- Choi Yeonjun, member of South Korean boy group TXT, 4th gen it boy
- Na Jae-min, singer and member of NCT
- New, singer and member of The Boyz
- Kim Hyun-jin, singer and member of LOONA
- Hwang Ye-ji, singer and member of Itzy
Administrative districts
Transportation
Many city buses and taxis are available in Jeonju. However, tourists are often advised to walk between points of interest, as many attractions are near each other.Attractions
- Jeonju International Film Festival usually runs from the end of April to May for one week annually.
Sports
In addition, Jeonju KCC Egis, a professional basketball team, is refer to Jeonju.
Climate
Jeonju has a cooler version of a humid subtropical climate with strong humid continental influences.Jeonju, like all of Korea, has four distinct seasons. The winters can have a mix of days that are cool to days that are quite cold. The colder days are often influenced by a high pressure front that brings cold air from Siberia.
In the summer, the humidity of Southeast Asia comes over the Korean peninsula from June through September. Temperatures in spring and fall are often in the mid-20s℃ and with low humidity.
Sister cities
- San Diego, California, United States
- Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
- Antalya, Turkey