Jean Boyer was a French viol player and composer, active in Paris during the first half of the 17th century. He must not be confused with Noël Boyer, who was master of the music of the Duchess of Savoy and who in 1631 attempted to succeed as superintendent of the music of the king's chamber.
Biography
The first mention of Jean Boyer is when he intervened regarding his cousin Jehan Bernard, who resigned his duties as cantor of the King's Chamber and Chapel in Jean's favor. The act specifies that Jean Boyer was son of the late Philibert Boyer, prosecutor in the court of Parliament, and that he was "experienced in the art of music, even on the lute and on the viols". It was not until February 1617 that he appeared in ballet de cour, composing that year an aria for an unidentified ballet and another for the Ballet des Forgerons. He contributed to other ballets: in 1618 an air for the "Ballet de la Folie" and another for the "Ballet de M. de Nemours", in 1621 an air for an unidentified ballet and another for the "Ballet des Indiens", finally in 1626 for the Ballet du Grand bal de la Douairière de Billebahaut. The dedication of his books of arias published in 1619 and 1621 shows that he probably worked for Henri I, Duke of Nemours, who was the usual ordonnator of the king's ballets, and who might have introduced him to the court in a more active manner than his cantor's office permitted him. On 13 December 1629, he was appointed Ordinary Secretary of the King's Chamber and on 18 February 1636, he obtained half of the ordinary viol player charge from the King's House held by, by resignation of the latter. This charge brought him 450 lt for a semester. He also became ordinary member of the music of queen Anne of Austria, with 1200 lt of yearly wages. Henry of Savoy-Nemours having died in the meantime, Boyer seems to have attached himself to the house of Gaston d’Orléans, brother of the king. The two books of songs that he published in 1636 and 1642 reveal ties in his environment. On 7 January 1640, Jean Boyer bought a house in Wissous, south of Paris. He married Jeanne Aymar in February 1644. He had a sister, Marguerite, married to François Gaulthier, prosecutor in Parliament, a brother Léon, equerry, councilor of the king and inspector of the wars, and a uterine sister Suzanne Maugars, wife of Jean Bigot, a lawyer in parliament. Perhaps the latter was of the family of André Maugars, a famous violist. He died in May 1648, when he was still an ordinary of the Music of the king and the queen. His inventory after death was found. At that time he lived in the rue des Marmousets. This inventory reveals two theorbos, a lute, two viols, two guitars, recorders and at Wissous still a theorbo, a viol, an oboe and a musette. At the time of his marriage, his music books included secular and spiritual works by Claude Le Jeune, lute tablatures, tunes and songs, secular songs by Roland de Lassus or their spiritual parodies, and Italian madrigals. The substantial proportion of spiritual contrafacta may suggest that he was a Protestant.
Works
Court arias
Boyer published several books of polyphonic tunes published under his name or in collective collections. He showed a beautiful inventiveness and a real sensitivity to the expressiveness of the texts he put into music.
Airs de différents auteurs, mis en tablature de luth par eux-mêmes. Huitième livre. Paris :, 1618. 1 vol. 4°. RISM 1618 exp 9 and S 3419, Guillo 2003 n° 1618-A.
Airs à 4 parties, par Jean Boyer parisien. . Paris : Pierre I Ballard, 1619. 4 vol. 8° obl. RISM B 4181, Guillo 2003 n° 1619-B.
Airs de Jean Boyer parisien, mis en tablature de luth par lui-même. Paris : Pierre I Ballard, 1621. 1 vol. 4°. RISM B 4182, Guillo 2003 n° 1621-D.
IIe livre d'airs à 4 parties de Jean Boyer. Paris : Pierre I Ballard, 1627. 4 vol. 8° obl. Manque au RISM, Guillo 2003 n° 1627-A.
Moreover, between 1618 and 1628, his tunes are inserted in collections of air for one voice:
IIIe livre d'airs de cour, et de différents auteurs . Paris : Pierre I Ballard, 1619. 1 vol. 8°. RISM 1619 exp 10, Guillo 2003 n° 1619-A.
Airs de différents auteurs . Paris : Pierre I Ballard, 1621. 1 vol. 8°. RISM 1621 exp 13, Guillo 2003 1621-B.
Ve livre d'airs de cour et de différents auteurs . Paris : Pierre I Ballard, 1623/1624. 1 vol. 8°. RISM 1623 exp 5, Guillo 2003 n° 1623-B.
VIIe livre d'airs de cour, et de différents auteurs . Paris : Pierre I Ballard, 1626. 1 vol. 8°. RISM 1626 exp 11, Guillo 2003 n° 1626-B. Édition réimprimée en 1628.
VIIIe livre d'airs de cour, et de différents auteurs . Paris : Pierre I Ballard, 1628. 1 vol. 8°. RISM 1628 exp 9, Guillo 2003 n° 1628-C.
Chansons
The songs published by Boyer are later and less elaborate than his tunes:
Recueil de chansons à boire et danser par Jean Boyer, de la Musique de la chambre du Roy, & de la Reyne . Paris : Pierre I Ballard, 1636. 1 vol. 8°. RISM B 4183, Guillo 2003 n° 1636-D.
IIe livre des chansons à danser et à boire de Jean Boyer, de la Musique de la chambre du Roy . Paris, Robert III Ballard, 1642. 1 vol. 8°. RISM B 4184, Guillo 2003 n° 1642-B. This edition was collected in 1644 by and in 1699 by .
