Born in Camden, New South Wales, Behrendorff grew up in Canberra and played cricket for the Australian Capital Territory at both under-17 and under-19 level. He played grade cricket for Tuggeranong Valley in the grade cricket competition of the Australian Capital Territory and also represented the Prime Minister's XI in a match against the touring New Zealand national cricket team in 2009. Behrendorff was recruited by Western Australia for the 2009–10 season, having impressed state selectors during a trial match. Beginning in the Futures League, good form allowed him to make his List A debut for Western Australia in the 2010–11 Ryobi One-Day Cup, in a match against Tasmania at Hands Oval. In the match, he dismissed Mark Cosgrove with the first ball of Tasmania's innings, finishing with figures of 1/18 from five overs. Due to injuries to other fast bowlers, Behrendorff played more regularly at state level the following season, taking 4/76 on his Sheffield Shield debut against Victoria in November 2011. He finished the 2011–12 season with 13 wickets from five Shield matches and five wickets from five Ryobi One-Day Cup matches, having often competed with Nathan Coulter-Nile for a regular spot in the side. At the end of the 2011–12 season, Behrendorff was given the "Future Legend" award at the Western Australian Cricket Association's awards night. Owing to this form, Behrendorff was offered contracts with both Western Australia and the Perth Scorchers for the 2012–13 season. In his first Sheffield Shield match for the season, against Victoria in November 2012, he took 4/29 and 3/24, although Western Australia still lost the match. Behrendorff debuted for Perth in the BBL the following month, taking 3/44 from four overs against the Melbourne Renegades. At grade cricket level, he plays for the Subiaco–Floreat Cricket Club., Behrendorff was studying a sports science degree at Edith Cowan University, having previously undertaken work at Hockey Australia. In June 2014, pending recovery of an achilles injury, Behrendorff was picked for the Australia A team in a series of four-day matches against South Africa A in Townsville in August 2014. Behrendorff again played for the Scorchers during the 2014–15 BBL season and was a member of the team that won its second consecutive title. Generally opening the bowling, he took 15 wickets from ten matches, equal with teammate Yasir Arafat and behind only the Melbourne Stars' John Hastings for the tournament. Behrendorff bowled 40 overs during the tournament, more than any other player. His wickets came at an average of 16.73 and an economy rate of 6.27 runs per over, which was only beaten by four spinners – Shakib Al Hasan, Michael Beer, Fawad Ahmed and Brad Hogg – amongst those who bowled more than 15 overs. At the 2014 Allan Border Medal ceremony, held in January 2015, Behrendorff was named "Domestic Player of the Year". He recorded 22 percent of the vote for the award, which is voted on by players, beating teammate Adam Voges. In February 2017, Behrendorff took figures of 9 for 37 in the first innings against Victoria, the fifth-best figures in the Sheffield Shield.
In IPL 2018, Behrendorff was signed by Mumbai Indians at 1.5 crore. However, he was ruled out with a back injury before the tournament started. The team retained him for the 2019 IPL season. He made his IPL debut against Chennai Super Kings on 3 April 2019. He was released by the Mumbai Indians ahead of the 2020 IPL auction.
