McVeigh made his AFL debut, wearing guernsey number 3, in the Swans' embarrassing loss to triple-defending premiers, the Brisbane Lions, at the Gabba in Round 1 of the 2004 season. Earning the Swans Most Improved Award from the 2007 season, McVeigh established himself from a tagger to a goal-kicking midfielder. In round 18, 2008 against the Western Bulldogs, he kicked a career-high 6 goals. At the end of the 2008 season, McVeigh won his first Bob Skilton Medal, as the Swans Best and Fairest, posting 578 votes, 10 points in front of runner-up Brett Kirk, polling the maximum 50 votes in the round-18 clash against the Western Bulldogs. In 2009, McVeigh had a less successful year, missing some games due to a hamstring injury, and finishing sixth in the Best and Fairest award. In 2010, McVeigh finished fourth in the Bob Skilton Medal. He was selected on the International Rules squad for the tour to Ireland in October. In 2011, McVeigh was appointed co-captain of the Sydney Swans alongside Adam Goodes. The death of his newborn daughter, Luella, marred his season. In his absence, the Swans defeated eventual premiers at Skilled Stadium in round 23 and dedicated the win to the McVeigh family and Luella. Despite such a tragedy, he managed to finish 10th in the 2011 Skilton Medal. In 2012, McVeigh captained the Sydney Swans to the 2012 premiership. His strong year was rewarded with a fifth-place finish in the 2012 Bob Skilton Medal. In 2015, McVeigh became only the seventh person to reach 250 games for the Swans in round 7. On 1 August 2019, McVeigh announced that he would retire at the conclusion of the 2019 AFL season.
Personal life
McVeigh is married to Clementine McVeigh. On 25 July 2011 they had their first child, Luella, who died barely a month later following serious heart complications. In the first match since this tragedy, on 27 August 2011 the Swans caused one of the biggest upsets of the season knocking off on its home ground, where it had not lost in 1462 days. For Sydney, it was their first win at the venue for more than 12 years. Sydney and Geelong players wore black armbands in the match 'as a mark of respect for their absent co-captain Jarrad McVeigh and his wife Clementine'. The remarkable victory by the Swans was considered a tribute to McVeigh and his daughter. 's Mark McVeigh, the older brother of Jarrad who had a baby daughter himself earlier in the year, paid tribute to Luella by 'blowing a kiss to the heavens' following his team's dramatic seven-point win over in the same round. Essendon's players also wore black armbands in their match in respect to Mark's niece. Mark was named as one of 34 past and present Essendon players who were found guilty to have taken illegal supplements during the 2012 AFL season, resulting in his suspension from any involvement of football in 2016. It was confirmed in February 2012 that Jarrad and his wife Clementine were expecting another baby. The McVeighs' second child Lolita-Luella McVeigh was born on 8 July 2012. They had another daughter on September 12, 2017, Florence McVeigh.