Iseltwald
Iseltwald is a village and municipality on the southern shore of Lake Brienz in the Bernese Oberland region of Switzerland. Politically, the municipality is located in the Interlaken-Oberhasli administrative district of the canton of Bern.
History
Iseltwald is first mentioned in 1146 as Iseltwalt.During the Middle Ages, a castle was built on the peninsula near the village for the Lords of Matten. In 1146, King Conrad III gave Interlaken Abbey one quarter of the village. Over the following years, the Abbey attempted to expand their power in the village. After the Swiss Confederation gained de facto independence from the House of Habsburg, the Abbey remained a strong supporter of the Austrian dynasty. The Abbey launched several raids into Unterwalden to support Habsburg ambitions. In response, in 1342, troops from Unterwalden attacked and burned Iseltwald. A few years later, in 1348-49, the village unsuccessfully rebelled against the Abbey. In 1528, the city of Bern adopted the new faith of the Protestant Reformation and began imposing it on the Bernese Oberland. Iseltwald joined many other villages and the Abbey in an unsuccessful rebellion against the new faith. After Bern imposed its will on the Oberland, they secularized the Abbey and annexed all the Abbey lands.
Since 1948 it has been part of the large parish of Gsteig bei Interlaken in Gsteigwiler.
The traditional local economy relied on fish from Lake Brienz, farming in the valleys and seasonal alpine herding and farming in the alpine meadows. A glass blowing factory opened between 1680 and 1696 and operated until 1715. Beginning in 1871, tourists began coming across the lake on steam ships. However, there was only one large road into the village until 1988. Today the local economy is based on tourism, agriculture, fishing and timber harvesting.
Geography
The village of Iseltwalt lies on a delta at the south bank of Lake Brienz. It is from Interlaken, the road mostly running along Lake Brienz. Besides the village of Iseltwald, the municipality includes the hamlets of Furen, Sengg and Isch, as well as a number of scattered farm houses.The municipality's area also includes a large area of mountainside along the south shore of the lake, of which the lower areas are heavily wooded. These slopes extend up to the summit of the Faulhorn mountain, at an altitude of.
Iseltwald has an area of. Of this area, or 31.4% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 47.8% is forested. Of the rest of the land, or 2.3% is settled, or 0.4% is either rivers or lakes and or 18.2% is unproductive land.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 1.0% and transportation infrastructure made up 1.1%. Out of the forested land, 42.5% of the total land area is heavily forested and 3.2% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 4.6% is pastures and 26.7% is used for alpine pastures. All the water in the municipality is flowing water. Of the unproductive areas, 7.9% is unproductive vegetation and 10.3% is too rocky for vegetation.
On 31 December 2009 Amtsbezirk Interlaken, the municipality's former district, was dissolved. On the following day, 1 January 2010, it joined the newly created Verwaltungskreis Interlaken-Oberhasli.
Coat of arms
The blazon of the municipal coat of arms is Or an Ibex passant per pale Sable and Argent.Demographics
Iseltwald has a population of. , 10.1% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years the population has changed at a rate of 6.1%. Migration accounted for 12.4%, while births and deaths accounted for -4.1%.Most of the population speaks German as their first language, French is the second most common and Italian is the third.
, the population was 49.7% male and 50.3% female. The population was made up of 198 Swiss men and 18 non-Swiss men. There were 193 Swiss women and 26 non-Swiss women. Of the population in the municipality, 183 or about 42.2% were born in Iseltwald and lived there in 2000. There were 129 or 29.7% who were born in the same canton, while 81 or 18.7% were born somewhere else in Switzerland, and 33 or 7.6% were born outside of Switzerland.
, children and teenagers make up 18.9% of the population, while adults make up 58.6% and seniors make up 22.5%.
, there were 180 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 208 married individuals, 30 widows or widowers and 16 individuals who are divorced.
, there were 66 households that consist of only one person and 7 households with five or more people. , a total of 177 apartments were permanently occupied, while 135 apartments were seasonally occupied and 28 apartments were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 110.3 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality,, was 0.23%.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
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bar:1880 from:start till:562 text:"562"
bar:1888 from:start till:546 text:"546"
bar:1900 from:start till:585 text:"585"
bar:1910 from:start till:536 text:"536"
bar:1920 from:start till:521 text:"521"
bar:1930 from:start till:479 text:"479"
bar:1941 from:start till:507 text:"507"
bar:1950 from:start till:537 text:"537"
bar:1960 from:start till:548 text:"548"
bar:1970 from:start till:489 text:"489"
bar:1980 from:start till:434 text:"434"
bar:1990 from:start till:421 text:"421"
bar:2000 from:start till:434 text:"434"
Sights
The entire village of Iseltwald is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites.Politics
In the 2011 federal election the most popular party was the Swiss People's Party which received 42.2% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the Conservative Democratic Party , the Social Democratic Party and the Federal Democratic Union of Switzerland . In the federal election, a total of 140 votes were cast, and the voter turnout was 42.3%.Economy
, Iseltwald had an unemployment rate of 1.49%. , there were a total of 222 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 26 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 10 businesses involved in this sector. 19 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 8 businesses in this sector. 177 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 16 businesses in this sector. There were 210 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 43.8% of the workforce.there were a total of 187 full-time equivalent jobs. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 14, of which 12 were in agriculture and 2 were in fishing or fisheries. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 17 of which 9 or were in manufacturing and 8 were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 156. In the tertiary sector; 61 or 39.1% were in a hotel or restaurant, 2 or 1.3% were in the information industry, 6 or 3.8% were in education and 81 or 51.9% were in health care.
, there were 42 workers who commuted into the municipality and 101 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 2.4 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 7.1% used public transportation to get to work, and 44.3% used a private car.
Religion
From the, 38 or 8.8% were Roman Catholic, while 318 or 73.3% belonged to the Swiss Reformed Church. Of the rest of the population, there was 1 individual who belongs to the Christian Catholic Church, and there were 54 individuals who belonged to another Christian church. There was 1 individual who was Islamic. There was 1 person who was Buddhist. 40 belonged to no church, are agnostic or atheist, and 8 individuals did not answer the question.Education
In Iseltwald about 174 or of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 35 or have completed additional higher education. Of the 35 who completed tertiary schooling, 54.3% were Swiss men, 40.0% were Swiss women.The Canton of Bern school system provides one year of non-obligatory Kindergarten, followed by six years of Primary school. This is followed by three years of obligatory lower Secondary school where the students are separated according to ability and aptitude. Following the lower Secondary students may attend additional schooling or they may enter an apprenticeship.
During the 2010-11 school year, there were a total of 36 students attending classes in Iseltwald. There was one kindergarten class with a total of 6 students in the municipality. Of the kindergarten students, 33.3% have a different mother language than the classroom language. The municipality had one primary class and 26 students. Of the primary students, 11.5% were permanent or temporary residents of Switzerland and 19.2% have a different mother language than the classroom language. During the same year, there was one lower secondary class with a total of 4 students.
, there were 8 students from Iseltwald who attended schools outside the municipality.
Transport
For a long time, the only access to the village was through a small regional road or by ferry. Since the building of the A8 motorway in 1988, the village has its own junction.PostBus Switzerland bus service 103 connects Iseltwald to Interlaken on an hourly basis, serving both Interlaken West and Interlaken Ost stations. In summer, the village is also served by BLS AG shipping services, which operate on Lake Brienz serving various points between Interlaken Ost and Brienz.