Goldberg began his Hollywood career in 2005 working on The WB series Related, starring Jennifer Esposito and Lizzy Caplan. He wrote the episode "Driving Miss Crazy". In 2008, he joined the Foxscience-fiction series ', as staff writer. He wrote for the show, before its cancellation in 2009. Goldberg was a story editor and writer of two episodes, on the ABCdramaFlashForward, for its first and only season. He was an executive story editor and writer on the CBS drama ', a spin-off from Criminal Minds. He wrote three episodes before its cancellation in May 2011. The writer gained notoriety in the summer of 2011, when he joined the ABC fantasy/drama Once Upon a Time, writing and co-producing the show, which ran for seven years. Episodes Goldberg contributed to Once Upon a Time include:
"The Shepherd"
"Fruit of the Poisonous Tree"
"Heart of Darkness"
"The Stranger"
"Lady of the Lake"
In 2014, Goldberg and David S. Goyer, wrote a pilot script for a Superman-origin story called Krypton. The Warner Horizon Television and DC Comicstelevision show, premiered on March 21, 2018 and ran for two seasons on the Syfy network. Goldberg, along with Edward Kitsis and Adam Horowitz, also created Dead of Summer, a 10-episode thriller about a haunted summer camp that debuted on Freeform on June 28, 2016. On April 14, 2017, Goldberg and Andrew Chambliss were announced as joint showrunners for the 4th season of Fear the Walking Dead. He continued in that position for Season 5.
In December 2013, Goldberg and Richard Naing's screenplay, The Autopsy of Jane Doe, landed on the 2013 Black List |Black List, an annual list compiling Hollywood's Hottest Unproduced Scripts. In October 2015, New Line Cinema tapped Goldberg and his The Autopsy of Jane Doe writing partner Richard Naing, to write the film The Boy Who Drew Monsters. The film is based on the 2014 book by Keith Donohue. Goldberg and Richard Naing wrote the screenplay for the 2016 IFC Films release, The Autopsy of Jane Doe, the André Øvredal film that grossed nearly $6 million at the box office. The movie obtained an 86% rating on Rotten Tomatoes. Author Stephen King said of The Autopsy of Jane Doe that as "visceral horror, this terror tale rivals Alien and early Cronenberg. Watch it, but not alone." In October 2019, Netflix began streaming the Paramount Players film Eli, directed by Ciaran Foy with a script by Goldberg, Naing, and David Chirchirillo.