He started his football career in his hometown Humbeek, playing for KFC Humbeek and was discovered at the early age of eighteen by a scout from RSC Anderlecht. For more than ten years he was their central defender and helped them win three European trophies, three national championships and four Belgian Cups. Between 1974 and 1986 he represented Belgium, gaining 24 caps and finishing fourth at the World Cup in Mexico in 1986. In 1983 Broos switched teams and started playing for Club Brugge. He played there for five seasons until season 1987–88. During this period he helped his team gain the Belgian Cup in 1986 and the championship in 1988. In 1988 Broos retired as a professional footballer. In his career as a football player he won the Belgian Cup five times.
Coaching career
From 1991 to 1998 he coached Club Brugge, winning the championship twice in 1992 and 1996. In 1991, 1995 and 1996 his team also won the Belgian Cup. From 2002 until 2005 he coached RSC Anderlecht. Again he managed to get his team into the Champions League and his team won the 2003–2004 season championship. Season 2004–2005 was a turning point however. His team was kicked out of the Champions League and they blew their chances for the Belgian Cup too. After a 0–0 outcome against AA Gent the verdict fell; on 7 February, Broos got fired for the first time in his career. Later that year in June he became coach for KRC Genk and got back at his former team on 30 September by beating them with 1–4. During the 2007–08 season he was fired again. In the summer of 2008, some sources first reported him signing a coaching contract at Romanian club Vaslui, however he denied their offer "because of a combination of personal and sport-related reasons" Broos won the prestigious Coach of the Year award four times in his career. Twice coaching Club Brugge in both 1992 and 1996, once with Anderlecht in 2004 and finally in 2007 with KRC Genk. On 15 December 2008, Broos accepted the proposal of Greek club, Panserraikos, and for the first time in his career left his country. Panserraikos had a great campaign in Greek Cup, eliminate Panathinaikos in quarterfinals but lost against AEK Athens in the semis. Later in season Panserraikos couldn't avoid relegation. Broos left from Panserraikos and became new coach of Trabzonspor, on 22 June 2009 and was released on 22 November 2009. After that he was head coach of Zulte Waregem for half a season, before becoming assistant coach of Al Jazira Club. He was sacked in 2012 and is now manager of the national team of Cameroon, a job he applied for when it was advertised online and appointed in February 2016. He led the team to victory in the 2017 Africa Cup of Nations. He is now sporting director of K V Oostende after being fired as Cameroon's coach in February 2018.