From 1829 to 1843 he served as incumbent of Camden Chapel, Camberwell, London; was appointed by the Duke of Wellington chaplain to the Tower of London in 1840. He was principal of the East India Company College, Haileybury, from 1844 until the college was closed in January 1858; Golden lecturer at St. Margaret's, Lothbury, 1850–1856; one of the chaplains to Queen Victoria, 13 June 1853; canon residentiary of St. Paul's, 21 April 1856; and rector of Barnes, Surrey, 1863–71. Melvill for many years had the reputation of being "the most popular preacher in London", and one of the greatest rhetoricians of his time. First at Camden Chapel, then at St. Margaret's, and later on at St. Paul's, large crowds of people attended his ministrations. His sermon generally occupied three-quarters of an hour, but such was the rapidity of his utterance that he spoke as much in that time as an ordinary preacher would have done in an hour. His delivery was earnest and animated without distinctive gesticulation; his voice was clear and flexible; while his emphatic pronunciation and his hurried manner of speaking impressed the hearers with a conviction of his sincerity. But his sermons lacked simplicity and directness of style, and his ornate phraseology, his happy analogies, smoothly balanced sentences, appealed more directly to the literary than to the spiritual sense. His views were evangelical. He died at the residentiary house, Amen Corner, London, 9 February 1871, and was buried in St. Paul's Cathedral on 15 February. He had married Margaret Alice, daughter of Peter Dobree of Beauregard, Guernsey. She died 18 April 1878, aged 73, leaving a daughter Edith, who married Clement Alexander Midleton.
Selected works
Sermons, 1833–8 2 vols., 6th edit. 1870.
Sermons preached before the University of Cambridge to which are added two sermons preached in Great St. Mary's, 1836, five editions.
Four Sermons preached before the University of Cambridge, 1837, five editions.
Four Sermons preached before the University of Cambridge 1839, three editions.
Sermons preached at Cambridge 1840.
Sermons on certain of the less prominent Facts and References in Sacred Story 1843–5, 2 vols., new edit. 1872.
Sermons preached on Public Occasions 1846.
The Preacher in Print, The Golden Lectures, Forty-eight Sermons delivered at St. Margaret's Church, Lothbury 1850.
Thoughts appropriate to the Season and the Days: Lectures delivered at St. Margaret's, Lothbury 1851.
A Selection from the Lectures delivered at St. Margaret's, Lothbury 1853.
The Golden Lectures for the Years 1850 to 1855 inclusive 1856, 6 vols.
Selections from the Sermons preached in the Parish Church of Barnes, and in the Cathedral of St. Paul's 1872, 2 vols.
