Along with four of his five brothers, he attended Caulfield Grammar School in the 1890s. An excellent scholar, he was awarded a theological studentship in 1893, in 1894, and in 1895. He began his studies at Trinity College, Melbourne in 1894, graduating Bachelor of Arts in 1899, and Master of Arts in 1904, with final honours in logic and philosophy.
While at St. Mary's he served as Caulfield Grammar School's chaplain. In 1931, the school ceased being a "private school", and it became a "public school", with its operation conducted by a private company limited by guarantee. Langley served on the Caulfield Grammar School Council from its foundation in 1931 until 1945.
Military chaplain
On 1 January 1916, Langley was appointed as a military chaplain to the First AIF.
As the Vicar of St Mary's, Langley had been giving the pupils of the highly respected Shelford Girls' School weekly lessons in religious instruction for quite a number of years. The school, established in 1898 by Emily Dixon, was relocated to 77 Allison Road, Elsternwick by its second principal, Dora Mary Petrie Blundell, who served as the school's second principal from 1904 to 1921. Dora was assisted and supported by her sisters, Lucy Annie Blundell, Fanny Blundell and Margaret Helen Petrie Blundell, in performing her wide range of duties. In 1923, Langley was responsible for the relocation of the school from 77 Allison Road, Elsternwick to "Helenslea" in Hood Crescent, Caulfield North — adjacent to St Mary's Church — the re-establishment of it as the Shelford Girls' Grammar School, and the appointment of Miss Ada Mary Thomas as its head mistress. Miss Thomas went on to serve as the school's headmistress from 1922 to 1945.
St. Margaret's, Caulfield
As Vicar of St. Mary's, he was also responsible for the foundation of St. Margaret's Anglican Church, in Ripley Grove, Caulfield, in 1923. St. Margaret's operated as "chapel of ease" to St. Mary's church. Its adjacent hall was also the home of the 2nd. Caulfield Scout Troop.
Dean of Melbourne
In August 1942, Langley was elected Dean of Melbourne — replacing Archbishop Head who had acted as dean since the retirement of George Aickin in 1932 — and continued in that position until he retired in April 1947.
Political views
According to Hansen, Langley "associated himself with socialist movements and marched annually in the May Day procession". Over his lifetime, he was quite outspoken on a wide range of political and social issues:
Death
He died on 28 November 1968, at Hawthorn, and was cremated.