Hakim (title)

Hakīm ()

• Ibn Sina
• Omar Khayyam

  Uses

• In old Abyssinia or Ethiopia, Hakim usually meant a learned person, usually a physician. Hence a Hakim-Bejt was a doctor's house or hospital.
• In Pakistan and India, Hakim or Hakeem denotes a herbal medicine practitioner, specially of Unani medicine.
• In Turkey, hekim denotes a physician, while hakim can be used for a very wise person or philosopher.

  Hākim ()

In Arab countries

• In Lebanon, the full title of the Emirs under Ottoman sovereignty was al-Amir al-Hakim 1516–1842
• In three future Persian Gulf emirates, the first monarchic style was hakim:
• * Since 1783 when the conquering Al Khalifah lineage settles on Bahrain to 16 August 1971, its style was Hakim al-Bahrayn "Ruler of Bahrain", then Amir Dawlat al-Bahrayn "Emir of the State of Bahrain", since 14 February 2002 Malik al-Bahrayn
• * In Kuwait, since its 1752 founding, the ruling Al Sabah dynasty's style was Hakim al-Kuwayt "Ruler of Kuwait" till the 19 June 1961 independence, after that Amir ad-Dawlat al-Kuwayt "Emir of the State of Kuwait";
• * Since on Muhammad ibn Thani's 12 September 1868 treaty with the British, effectively establishing Qatar as an independent State, his al-Thani dynasty's style was Hakim Qatar "Ruler of Qatar", since the 3 September 1971 independence from Britain Amir Dawlat Qatar "Emir of the State of Qatar".
• In Libya, Hakim was the 1946 – 12 February 1950 style of the "ruler" of the former sultanate of Fezzan during the UN administration ; the only incumbent, Ahmad Sayf an-Nasr, stayed on as regional wali in the united Libyan kingdom until 24 December 1951, with a French resident at his side, and then, without such French shadow, as first royal governor.
• In Yemen till 1902 the rulers of the Quaiti State of Shir and Mukalla, ash-Shihr Wa´l Mukalla, as before the 10 November 1881 merger with the Naqib of Mukalla's state it has been the princely style of ash-Shihr since independence from the Ottomans in 1866.

  Elsewhere

• In the Makran region of Sistan and Baluchestan Province in Iran, hakom refers to sardars and khans in the traditional Baluchi government.
• In Indonesia, Malaysia and Turkey, hakim denotes a judge.
• In Nepal, a Bada Hakim was in charge of a district of the realm.
• In the Emirate of Bukhara, hakem was the title of a governor.
• In Nigeria, the Sokoto Caliphate is ceremonially governed by hakimai, chiefs that are answerable to the Sultan of Sokoto and the Emirs of the realm.
• In Uzbekistan the term hokim is used to describe a governor or mayor of a region.

  Furthermore