Hainburg an der Donau

Geography

Population

History

• The first settlers in the area were the Illyrians and the Celtic people, who lived on the Braunsberg hill.
• Roman era: The area was under the influence of the nearby town of Carnuntum, the capital of the province of Pannonia Superior, where Marcus Aurelius once resided.
• 1050: Emperor Henry III ordered a castle built here.
• 13th century: The town had 2 gates, 15 towers, and a 2.5 km wall.
• 1108: The castle belonged to the Babenbergers.
• Around 1220 to 1225: The ransom received from Richard the Lionheart built the castle and the Viennese gate.
• 11 February 1252: Ottokar II, later the King of Bohemia, married the last Babenberger Margaret of Austria.
• 1267 to 1268: Ottokar II of Bohemia built the lower part of the castle.
• 1278: In the Battle of Dürnkrut, Ottokar II lost the castle to the Habsburgs.
• 1482: Siege of Hainburg: after several months siege the castle was occupied by Hungarian King Matthias Corvinus and his Black Army.
• 1629: The castle belonged to the city.
• 11 July 1683: The Second Ottoman Campaign destroyed the city and the castle.
• 1709: Count Löwenberg rebuilt the castle.
• 1738: Joseph Haydn the composer came to Hainburg as a six-year-old child to learn the rudiments of music from his relative Josef Mathias Franck. He sang as a choirboy. There is a Haydn Fountain on the Hauptplatz in the town.
• 19th century: Hainburg gained a garrison.
• End of the First World War: From now Hainburg was the easternmost town in Austria.
• 1984: Occupation of the Hainburger Au: Protesters against plans to put a power station in the Hainburger Au of the Danube forced the government of Austria to withdraw.
• Today: Hainburg is part of the Danube-Auen National Park.

  Sites of interest

• Castle hill
• Danube-Auen National Park, floodplain forest
• Braunsberg, hill with Celtic fortress
• Wienertor : built in the 13th century, largest still existing medieval gate in Europe. Today it contains the city museum.
• The Philippus-und-Jakobus-Kirche, a catholic church, was built in 1263 and rebuilt in the Baroque style in 1683
• Protestant Church, opened in April 2011, newly built by the Austrian architect group Coop Himmelbau

  Economics and infrastructure