Haim Nathan Dembitzer was a Polish Galicianrabbi and historian.
Biography
His father, Jekuthiel Solomon, a scholarly merchant who claimed he was a descendant of R. Moses Isserles, died in 1833, aged forty-four. On Jun 11, 1841 he married Doba Deutscher. While diligently occupied with his Talmudical studies, he came across the "," a chronological work by David Gans, which aroused his interest in Jewish biography and history. He received his ordination as rabbi from Solomon Kluger, Zvi Hirsch Chajes, and Dob Berush Meisels, the last named of whom was rabbi of Cracow until 1854. Dembitzer sided nevertheless with Meisel's rival, Saul Landau, in the quarrel about the rabbinate of Cracow. In 1856 Dembitzer became a dayyan in his native city, and was, like his older brother Jacob, advanced to the position of rosh Beth din, which he held till his death. In 1874 he visited Germany and made the acquaintance of Leopold Zunz and other Jewish scholars, with whom he corresponded on historical subjects.
Works
Dembitzer's earlier works were all on halakic subjects, on which he was a recognized authority. His "" ; "Dibre Hen," which appeared as a supplement to Solomon Kluger's "Abodat ha-Kodesh" ; and "Liwyat Hen" belong to that class. But the last-named, a criticalcommentary on the work "RABYH" of Eliezer ben Joel HaLevi, which Dembitzer from a manuscript, contains much valuable material for the history of the Tosafists, which is interspersed among the pilpulistic arguments of the main subject. His chief historical work, "," of which the first part, containing biographies of the rabbis of Lemberg and of other Polish communities, appeared in 1888, and the second part, also biographical and historical, in 1893, is an important contribution to the science of Judaism. He is also the author of "," a valuable correspondence with the historian Heinrich Graetz about the Council of Four Lands, and of a biography of the Tosafist Joseph Porat, which appeared posthumously in "Ha-Hoker," ii. 48-59. The "", a severe and vindictive criticism of J. M. Zunz's "" on the rabbis of Cracow, was likewise written by him, although the name of Joel Dembitzer, his younger brother, appears on the title-page as the nominal author.
