Guillermo Haro Barraza was a Mexican astronomer. Through his own astronomical research and the formation of new institutions, Haro was influential in the development of modern observational astronomy in Mexico. Internationally, he is best known for his contribution to the discovery of Herbig–Haro objects.
Upon his return to Mexico in 1945, Haro continued working at the Observatorio Astrofísico de Tonantzintla where he was responsible for the commissioning of the new 24-31-inch Schmidt camera and where he became involved in the study of extremely red and extremely blue stars. In 1947 he started working for the Observatorio de Tacubaya of the UNAM. . This image was obtained by combining data from ESO's Very Large Telescope and the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope. Haro's contributions to observational astronomy, Among them were the detection of a large number of planetary nebulae in the direction of the galactic center and the discovery of the nonstellar condensations in high density clouds near regions of recent star formation. Haro and co-workers discovered flare stars in the Orion nebula region, and later on in stellar aggregates of different ages. Other major research projects carried out by Haro included the list of 8746 blue stars in the direction of the north galactic pole published jointly with W. J. Luyten in 1961. Work made with the 48-inch Palomar Schmidt using the three-color image technique developed at Tonantzintla. At least 50 of these objects turned out to be quasars. Haro's list of 44 blue galaxies, compiled in 1956, was a precursor to the work of Benjamin Markarian and others in searching for such galaxies. Haro also discovered a number of T Tauri stars, one supernova, more than 10 novae, and one comet.
Major accomplishments
Haro was very influential in the development of astronomy in Mexico, not only by virtue of his own astronomical research but also by promoting the development of new institutions. In a more important aspect he defined modern astrophysical research in Mexico where he gave impulse to different initial lines of research and established general scientific policies. Guillermo Haro discovered a new type of large planetary nebula with Hawaiian colleague George Herbig - that were named Herbig-Haro objects. Haro became a member of the Colegio Nacional at age 40, the youngest person to do so. In 1959, Haro became the first person elected to the Royal Astronomical Society from Mexico. Amongst his students were Silvia Torres-Peimbert and Manuel Peimbert. Haro founded the Mexican Academy of Sciences and the National Institute of Astrophysics, Optics and Electronics.
Recognition
is a small galaxy situated in the southern constellation of Sculptor and is named after Haro who first included it in a study published in 1956. The Guillermo Haro International Program on Advanced Astrophysical Research at INAOE, which was created in August 1995, was named after him. On 21 March 2018, 105 years after his birth, Google featured Haro in a Google Doodle.
