Feldgrau is a greenish grey color. It was the official basic color of military uniforms of the German armed forces from the early 20th century until 1945 or 1989. Armed forces of other countries also used various shades of that color. Feldgrau was used to refer to the armies of Germany, first the Imperial German Army and later the Heer of the Reichswehr and the Wehrmacht.
Variations
In World War I the color feldgrau was a light grey-green, though there were variations of the shade ranging from greys to browns. It was one of the first standardized uniforms suitable to the age of smokeless gunpowder. Feldgrau is commonly used to refer to the color of German army uniforms during World War II. It was also used by the East German National People's Army, under the description steingrau. Feldgrau was introduced to the Austrian Bundesheer in line to the German pattern as well.
History
In 1910, the so-called field-grey peace uniform, with colored cuffs, facings, shoulder straps and gorgets was issued by decree in Prussia, followed by the non-Prussian contingents of the other German states and lastly by the Bavarian Army in April 1916. Formerly most infantry regiments in the German Imperial Army wore "Prussian blue" tunics, although Bavarian units had light blue and jägersdark green. Cavalry uniforms were of a wide range of colours. Until the outbreak of war in August 1914, the traditional brightly coloured uniforms of the Deutsches Heer continued to be worn as parade and off-duty wear. Barracks dress was normally an off-white fatigue dress and the field-grey uniform introduced in 1910 was generally reserved for manoeuvres and field training. Upon the outbreak of war field-grey became the normal uniform of all German soldiers. Active service experience led to the adoption of a darker grey-green shade of colour in 1915, now described as "stone-grey". Following the German example, other countries selected feldgraue in either light grey or grey-green shades as the basic colour for their service uniforms. Examples were Portugal, and Sweden. Italy adopted a similar coloured uniform after testing, on December 4th 1908, known as "Grigio Verde".
Other countries today
Austria
In 1909 the Austro-Hungarian Army adopted the pike-grey as the colour of the fieldservice uniform of its infantry, artillery, engineers and transport units. Previously it had been reserved for Jaeger and Landwehr regiments. Following the outbreak of World War I the light blue-grey shade of Hechtgrau proved unsuited for campaigning in Europe and from 1915 onwards the grey-green feldgrau was substituted. With the formation of the Austrian 1st Federation's Armed Forces in 1929, there was a close orientation to Germany. For instance the feldgrau uniform and the corps colors of rank insignia adopted. However, slightly different grey shades were possible as well. Today, in accordance with national traditions, the textile color of the Austrian 2nd Federation's Armed Forces is named feldgrau, and steingrau, or more popularly NATO-oliv.
The current dress uniform of the Finnish Army is a grey uniform patterned after the German 1944 uniform. The Finnish Army has used grey uniforms since its founding in 1918. M/83 and its equally grey predecessors were used as the common service uniform up to the 1980s, with camouflage used only in the field uniform. Today, the common service uniform is a camouflage uniform.
Sweden
The Swedish Armed Forces used a very similar color for infantry uniforms; for example the grey :File:Vapenrock m1939.jpg|m/39 and later on grey-green, as the German ones. The last uniform in the latter color was the woollen :File:Vapenrock m1958.jpg|m/58 winter uniform.
