F Troop
F Troop is a satirical American television sitcom western about U.S. soldiers and American Indians in the Wild West during the 1860s that originally aired for two seasons on ABC. It debuted in the United States on September 14, 1965 and concluded its run on April 6, 1967 with a total of 65 episodes. The first season of 34 episodes was broadcast in black-and-white, the second season in color.
The series relied heavily on character-based humor; verbal and visual gags, slapstick, physical comedy and burlesque comedy make up the prime ingredients of F Troop. The series played fast and loose with historical events and persons, and often parodied them for comical effect. There were some indirect references made to the culture of the 1960s such as a "Playbrave Club" and two rock and roll bands.
Setting and story
F Troop is set at Fort Courage—a fictional United States Army outpost in the Old West—from near the end of the American Civil War in 1865 to at least 1867. There is a town of the same name adjacent to the fort. Fort Courage was named for the fictitious General Sam Courage. The fort itself is constructed in the stockade style typically found in most American westerns.The commanding officer is the gallant although laughably clumsy Captain Wilton Parmenter, who is descended from a long line of distinguished military officers. He is awarded the Medal of Honor after accidentally instigating the final Civil War charge at the Battle of Appomattox. Only a private in the Quartermaster Corps, he is ordered to fetch the commanding officer's laundry. As Parmenter rides away to get the laundry he repeatedly sneezes. A group of Union soldiers mistake his sneezing for an order to charge, turning the tide of the battle and "earning" Parmenter the nickname "The Scourge of Appomattox." He also is awarded the Purple Heart after he is accidentally pricked in the chest by his father and commanding officer while receiving his first medal, making him known as "the only soldier in history to get a medal for getting a medal." His superiors reward his action by promoting him to captain, only to give Parmenter command of remote Fort Courage, a dumping ground for the Army's "least useful" soldiers and misfits. Indeed, of the three commanding officers at Fort Courage before Captain Parmenter, two did desert the army, while the third suffered a nervous breakdown.
Much of the humor of the series derives from the scheming of Captain Parmenter's somewhat crooked but amiable non-commissioned officers, Sergeant Morgan O'Rourke and Corporal Randolph Agarn. They, in league with the local American Indian tribe, the Hekawis—led by Chief Wild Eagle, are forever seeking to expand and conceal their shady business deals covertly and collectively referred to as "O'Rourke Enterprises". Initially, rations and pay were drawn for 30 men at Fort Courage, even though only 17 are actually accounted for. The pay of the fictitious scouts is apparently used to help finance the dealings of O'Rourke Enterprises. Although O'Rourke and Agarn try to take full advantage of Captain Parmenter's innocence and naïveté, they are also very fond of and fiercely protective of him, and woe be to anyone attempting to harm him. Parmenter also struggles to exert his authority outside the ranks. Very bashful, he tries to escape the matrimonial plans of his girlfriend, shopkeeper–postmistress Jane Angelica Thrift, known locally as "Wrangler Jane" —though he becomes a bit more affectionate toward her during the second season.
In the episode "Captain Parmenter, One Man Army," it is revealed that all of the soldiers of "F Troop" have been at Fort Courage for at least twenty months, meaning they spent at least part of the Civil War there. They are so incompetent that when they are formed into a firing squad in the episode titled "The Day They Shot Agarn" all of their shots miss Agarn despite the fact they are standing only a few yards from him. The most common running gag through both seasons of the series involves the fort's lookout tower. Every time the cannon is fired in salute the lit fuse burns out. Corporal Agarn or Private Dobbs then steps up and kicks the cannon's right wheel, collapsing the cannon and causing it to fire off target. The cannonball strikes a support leg of the lookout tower, bringing it crashing to the ground along with the trooper in it In one episode, an arrow brings the tower crashing down, and in another Parmenter yanks down the tower with a lasso. In another episode, musical instruments being played loudly cause the tower to collapse. The fort water tower is also a frequent victim of this sort of gag.
Another running gag involves dialogue between Sergeant O'Rourke and Agarn. In many episodes O'Rourke says to Agarn, "I don't know why everyone says you're so dumb." Immediately the scene ends. Then at the beginning of the next scene, Agarn indignantly asks, "Who says I'm dumb?"
Main characters
F Troop officers and enlisted men
- Captain Wilton Parmenter – The so-called "Scourge of the West." As military governor of the territory and commander of Fort Courage, he is credited with keeping the peace, his father General Thor Parmenter and his great-grandfather Major Hannibal Parmenter—who was with Gen. George Washington at Valley Forge. By contrast, Corporal Agarn's great-grandfather was a deserter. Jeanette Nolan played Parmenter's visiting mother in "A Fort's Best Friend is Not a Mother". When his sister Daphne Parmenter visits the fort her eyes are on Private Dobbs. O'Rourke frequently calls Captain Parmenter "the Old Man" though Parmenter usually is surprised at being called that because he is fairly young. In "The Majority of Wilton", he turns down a promotion to major because it would mean being reassigned to a new command and leaving "F Troop."
- Sergeant Morgan Sylvester O'Rourke – The Sgt. Bilko of his day. Originally from Steubenville, Ohio, he has been in the Army at least twenty-five years and it took him either 10 years to become a sergeant or has been a sergeant for 22 years as of his 25th anniversary. His brother's name is Morton O'Rourke. O'Rourke's business dealings involve illegally running the local town saloon and an exclusive-rights treaty with the local Indian tribe to sell their "authentic" souvenirs to tourists and for the commercial market through the shady, undercover O'Rourke Enterprises operation. He also tries to find ways to fleece the men out of their pay through different schemes such as finding the men mail-order brides. Though most of his business schemes usually fail, he apparently is the only competent soldier in F Troop. It is mentioned that O'Rourke is a veteran of the Mexican–American War, but nothing is said about the Civil War. In "The Sergeant and the Kid", the tall and rugged O'Rourke shows his romantic side by taking an interest in the widow Molly Walker and her son Joey. In "Don't Look Now, But One of Our Cannons is Missing," O'Rourke claims he saved Agarn's life twice—once from drowning and once when a rattlesnake bit him.. Tucker's wife at the time, Mary Fisk, appeared in the series twice. She played Squirrel Girl in "Lieutenant O'Rourke, Front and Center" and Kissing Squaw in "What Are You Doing After the Massacre?".
- Corporal Randolph Agarn – Randolph Agarn is O'Rourke's somewhat dimwitted sidekick and business partner in the shady O'Rourke Enterprises. The character Agarn, originally from Passaic, New Jersey, took six years after enlistment to become a lowly corporal. At the time of the series, Agarn has been in the cavalry for 10 years, and has been posted to Fort Courage for the last four, apparently spending the Civil War years at Fort Courage. He has impersonated Generals George Washington and Ulysses Grant. However, in dual roles, Storch played numerous lookalike relatives of Agarn, including his French-Canadian cousin Lucky Pierre, his Russian cousin Dmitri Agarnoff and his Mexican bandito cousin Pancho Agarnado, known as "El Diablo.". Confrontational and often overly-emotional in every respect, Agarn frequently collapses in tears with the phrases "Oh, Cap'n!" or "Oh, Sarge!". To get the men to attention, he barks out his trademark loud and exaggerated "Aaaaa-aaahh" command. Whenever he becomes frustrated by something one of the troopers does wrong, short-tempered Agarn hits him with his hat which, unlike everyone else's, is white. A hypochondriac, Agarn thinks he's contracted the illnesses he reads or hears about or others around him have. One running gag during the second season involves Agarn's delayed reactions, which usually ran: Agarn would make a suggestion; O'Rourke would respond: "Agarn, I don't know why everyone says you're so dumb!" At the beginning of the next scene, Agarn, suddenly indignant, demands: "Who says I'm dumb?" Agarn was briefly promoted to Sergeant in the episode "Lieutenant O'Rourke, Front and Center". Larry Storch was nominated for an Emmy Award for "Outstanding performance by an actor in a leading role in a comedy series" in 1967.
- Bugler Private Hannibal Shirley Dobbs – F Troop's inept bugler, originally from New Orleans, who can only play "Yankee Doodle" and "Dixie" with regularity. Standard U.S. Army tunes like "Reveille", "Assembly" and "Retreat" are only occasionally played competently. One episode had him playing a song, which Wrangler Jane says is a lovely rendition of "Old Kentucky Home", only for him to say he'd been trying to play "Reveille". A southern "mama's boy", he is also Captain Parmenter's orderly, as well as serving in the fort's cannon crew—usually with disastrous results. Private Dobbs is a personal thorn in Agarn's side, with his regular taunts resulting in Agarn's frequent retort, "I'm warning you, Dobbs!", even threatening him with a court-martial. Dobbs learned how to use a lasso on his mama's alligator farm. Dobbs was briefly promoted to Corporal in the episode "Lieutenant O'Rourke, Front and Center".
- Trooper Vanderbilt – The fort's lookout who seems all but blind even with glasses and answers questions from the lookout tower about what he sees with incongruous responses such as, "No, thank you Agarn. I just had my coffee." He once allowed two Indians wearing feather head-dresses to enter the fort unchallenged. Asked why, he replied, "I thought they were turkeys." Yet in another episode he mistakes a group of turkeys for attacking Indians. In one episode he shoots his pistol in a crowded barracks—and manages to miss everyone. Vanderbilt was a bustle inspector in a dress factory before joining the Army. In the running gag that brings the lookout tower crashing to the ground, it is the heavyset Vanderbilt who comes down with it.
- Trooper Duffy – An aged old time cavalryman with a limp, the result of his "old Alamo injury" acting up again. Duffy claims to be the lone survivor of the siege of the Alamo in 1836 and loves to recount his exploits alongside Davy Crockett and Jim Bowie, "shoulder to shoulder and backs to the wall". However, no one ever seems to take his claim seriously and he may be engaged in telling tall tales. Parmenter discovered that Duffy is listed as dead in his service record.
Townspeople
- "Wrangler" Jane Angelica Thrift – Captain Wilton Parmenter's beautiful but tomboyish, feisty, romantically aggressive Annie Oakley-like girlfriend, dressed in buckskins and a cowgirl hat. She owns Wrangler Jane's Trading Post and runs the U.S. post office in town. She is a telegrapher and the best sharpshooter in the territory. Whenever the fort is attacked she fights alongside everyone else usually shooting more Indians than everyone else. She is determined to marry the ever romantically elusive and naïve Parmenter and is often obliged to rescue him from his various predicaments. When she kisses the very bashful Parmenter he usually says "Please Jane, not in front of the men". In "The Sergeant and the Kid" she replied back "But there're no men here" to which he replied "Well then, not in front of me". As part of this running gag, in the same episode after Jane mistakenly kisses Agarn, he says "Please Jane, not in front of the Captain." While Parmenter is reticent about showing any overt interest in Jane he does become quite jealous if another man shows any interest in her. However, in "Marriage, Fort Courage Style", Parmenter finally shows a direct interest in Jane. He sets a date three months hence as the beginning of their engagement to be married. The character had her own theme music; a banjo piece usually played on the soundtrack to cue her entrances, or initial appearance in each episode. For more on Melody Patterson see [|Creation and Production].
The Hekawi tribe
The Hekawis are 50/50 partners in everything they do with O'Rourke Enterprises. They make most of the company's products, usually in the form of Indian souvenirs and whiskey for the town saloon. They are a peace-loving tribe, and self described as "the tribe that invented the peace pipe", "lovers, not fighters" and "proud descendents of cowards". Profit minded, the Hekawis look to be paid when O’Rourke needs them to do something like orchestrate a fake attack on the fort and will haggle over the price and how many braves would be in the attack. But because it had been such a long time since they had been on the "warpath" when the series started Agarn has to teach the Hekawis how to do a war dance, a clip of which was shown in the first season opening credits. Anytime the tribe wants to contact the fort they use smoke signals which only O'Rourke can read. In one episode, the Hekawis have a "Playbrave Club" complete with go-go dancing and 1960s style music.
As a sly jest based on the myth that Native Americans are the 13th tribe of Israel, many of the Hekawi Indians were played by veteran Yiddish comedians using classic Yiddish shtick. The regular Indian characters include:
as 'Chief Wild Eagle'
- Chief Wild Eagle – The shrewd, cranky but essentially good-natured leader of the Hekawi tribe, and business partner in the shady O'Rourke Enterprises schemes. In spite of his gruff appearance Wild Eagle said: "Don't let name Wild Eagle fool you. I had changed it from Yellow Chicken". Like all the Indian characters portrayed in F Troop, he speaks with a mock American Indian accent in a semi broken English dialect stereotypical of American westerns. Often O'Rourke, Agarn, Parmenter, and Jane come to him for advice when they have a problem and Wild Eagle has a wise old Indian saying for every occasion, which he often admits even he does not know the meaning of or how it applies to the situation at hand. On differing occasions, he says he is the son of Crazy Horse, the brother-in-law of Sitting Bull, and the cousin of Geronimo. De Kova and the character of Chief Wild Eagle would become important enough by the beginning of the second season as to merit listing in the show's opening credits sequence.
- Crazy Cat – Chief Wild Eagle's goofy assistant and heir apparent. He often speculates on when he will become chief, but is subsequently rebuked by Chief Wild Eagle. Appearing sporadically in the early first-season episodes, he became a regularly featured character later in the first season, as Roaring Chicken and "Medicine Man" were phased out of the series. "Craze" does become "acting chief" in the episode titled, "Our Brave in F Troop". Crazy Cat humorously comments on the situation, "When Wild Eagle away, Crazy Cat play."
Recurring characters
- Happy Bear/Smokey Bear – An overweight, usually silent Hekawi brave in black braids and a Fire Ranger's hat. In the first season Frommer appears as Happy Bear, sometimes as Smokey Bear, once as Papa Bear and also Red Arrow and a few times without a name. In the second season he appears solely as Smokey Bear. Overall, Frommer appeared in 52 episodes in rather minor mainly non-speaking roles.
- Trooper Duddleson – A sleepy, slovenly, obese soldier who is hit on the head repeatedly by Agarn for having his body in line but not his belly, or sleeping when he's supposed to be at attention. He is sometimes upbraided by Agarn for having gravy stains on his shirt. Duddleson typically wears a printed piece of cloth instead of the standard yellow neckerchief. According to his service record Duddleson was a female impersonator with a carnival in civilian life. He appears in 45 episodes, but in a minor, often non-speaking capacity.role.
- Trooper Hoffenmueller – A trooper who can either only speak in his native German or speaks English with a German accent, depending upon the episode. According to his service record Hoffenmueller can speak Cherokee, Sioux, Apache, and Hekawi. "We can use you as an interpreter... just as soon as you learn to speak English" —Capt. Parmenter. He appears in 11 episodes, but in a minor role. Mitchum did make an uncredited cameo in the second-season episode "The Day They Shot Agarn" as the man singing the ballad of the same name. John Mitchum's much more famous brother is tough guy actor Robert Mitchum.
- Stagecoach Driver – He briefly appears in 7 episodes including one as Slim.
- Roaring Chicken – An ancient Hekawi medicine man and son of Sitting Duck. He appears in only 6 episodes in the first season. And he "invented" the RoarChick test. Longtime veteran actor Horton parodied the role on the 1960s Batman TV series as "Chief Screaming Chicken". Horton was also the narrator of Fractured Fairy Tales, a popular segment of the Rocky and Bullwinkle cartoon series.
- Pete – The bartender at the saloon, appears in 5 episodes.
- Charlie – The town drunk. Fort Courage got Charlie from Dodge City. As Capt. Parmenter says: "We were lucky to get him – Dodge had a spare" and "We're all proud of you Charlie; you're the fastest drunk in the West". The role was created especially for Parry to show off his skills. In "Will the Real Captain Try to Stand Up", Charlie temporarily pretends to be the captain of F Troop while Charlie's daughter, Cindy Charles, is visiting because she thinks he actually is the captain of F Troop rather than the town drunk.
- Major Duncan – Captain Parmenter's superior from Territory Headquarters, who usually "brings a saddlebag full of trouble," according to O'Rourke. According to the episode "Too Many Cooks Soil the Troop", Major Duncan had taken F Troop's quartermaster, clerk, blacksmith and cook and transferred them to his own fort. Gregory appeared twice as Major Duncan and once as the land baron Big Jim Parker who bought the town and the land the fort sits on.
- Secretary of War – He appears in 3 episodes.
- Trooper Leonard "Wrongo" Starr – A jinxed soldier. He appears in "Wrongo Starr and the Lady in Black" and in "The Return of Wrongo Starr." Alternative explanations are given for the origin of the jinx.
- Medicine Man – An unnamed Hekawi "doctor" who prescribes various tribal dances to treat diverse ailments. He appears in 2 episodes.
Guest stars
Many established actors and comedians appeared as guest stars in the series including Bernard Fox, Don Rickles, John Dehner, Lee Meriwether, Jamie Farr, George Gobel, Pat Harrington Jr., Zsa Zsa Gabor, Willard Waterman, Paul Petersen, Paul Lynde, Harvey Korman, Milton Berle, Julie Newmar, Jacques Aubuchon, Jay Novello, Sterling Holloway, Mako, Phil Harris, Vincent Price, and Cliff Arquette.
Other notable and well known character actors who appeared in the series are : Henry Brandon, Jay Sheffield, Alan Hewitt, Don "Red" Barry, Willis Bouchey, Forrest Lewis, Vic Tayback and Robert G. Anderson, Linda Marshall, Laurie Sibbald, John Stephenson, Nydia Westman, Patrice Wymore, Parley Baer, MaKee K. Blaisdell, Jackie Joseph, Mike Mazurki, Tony Martinez, Del Moore, Andrew Duggan, Abbe Lane, Jackie Loughery, Marjorie Bennett, Eve McVeagh, Ben Gage, Richard Reeves, Victor Jory, James Griffith, Cathy Lewis, Les Brown, Jr, George Barrows, Paul Sorensen, Mary Young, Charles Lane, Don Beddoe, Lew Parker, Tol Avery, Tommy Farrell, Richard X. Slattery, Joby Baker, Letícia Román, I. Stanford Jolley, George Furth, Pepper Curtis, Peter Leeds, Victor French, Fred Clark, Mary Wickes, Joyce Jameson, and Charles Drake. Lowell George, later the leader of the rock group Little Feat, appeared with his earlier band The Factory on an episode as a group called the Bedbugs. William Conrad was the uncredited voice announcer in the first episode "Scourge of the West".
Episodes
Season one (black and white, 1965–1966)
- "Scourge of the West"
- "Don't Look Now, One of Our Cannon is Missing"
- "The Phantom Major"
- "Corporal Agarn's Farewell to the Troops"
- "The Return of Bald Eagle"
- "Dirge for the Scourge"
- "The Girl from Philadelphia"
- "Old Ironpants"
- "Me Heap Big Injun"
- "She's Only a Build in a Girdled Cage"
- "A Gift from the Chief"
- "Honest Injun"
- "O'Rourke vs. O'Reilly"
- "The 86 Proof Spring"
- "Here Comes the Tribe"
- "Iron Horse Go Home"
- "Our Hero, What's His Name?"
- "Wrongo Starr and the Lady in Black"
- "El Diablo"
- "Go for Broke"
- "The New I. G."
- "Spy, Counterspy, Counter Counterspy"
- "The Courtship of Wrangler Jane"
- "Play, Gypsy, Play"
- "Reunion for O'Rourke"
- "Captain Parmenter, One Man Army"
- "Don't Ever Speak to Me Again"
- "Too Many Cooks Spoil the Troop"
- "Indian Fever"
- "Johnny Eagle Eye"
- "A Fort's Best Friend is Not a Mother"
- "Lieutenant O'Rourke, Front and Center"
- "The Day the Indians Won"
- "Will the Real Captain Try to Stand Up?"
Season two (color, 1966–1967)
- "The Singing Mountie"
- "How to Be F Troop Without Really Trying"
- "Bye, Bye, Balloon"
- "Reach for the Sky, Pardner"
- "The Great Troop Robbery"
- "The West Goes Ghost"
- "Yellow Bird"
- "The Ballot of Corporal Agarn"
- "Did Your Father Come from Ireland?"
- "For Whom the Bugle Tolls"
- "Miss Parmenter"
- "La Dolce Courage"
- "Wilton the Kid"
- "The Return of Wrongo Starr"
- "Survival of the Fittest"
- "Bring on the Dancing Girls"
- "The Loco Brothers"
- "From Karate with Love"
- "The Sergeant and the Kid"
- "What Are You Doing After the Massacre?"
- "A Horse of Another Color"
- "V is for Vampire"
- "That's Show Biz"
- "The Day They Shot Agarn"
- "Only One Russian Is Coming! Only One Russian Is Coming!"
- "Guns, Guns, Who's Got the Guns?"
- "Marriage, Fort Courage Style"
- "Carpetbagging, Anyone?"
- "The Majority of Wilton"
- "Our Brave in F Troop"
- "Is This Fort Really Necessary?"
Creation and production
- Although the show's opening credits claim F Troop was created by Richard Bluel, a final arbitration by the Writers Guild of America eventually gave Seaman Jacobs, Ed James, and Jim Barnett credit.
- Episode writers included Arthur Julian, Stan Dreben, Seaman Jacobs, Howard Merrill, Ed James, Austin and Irma Kalish, and the highly successful comedy writing duo of Tom Adair and James B. Allardice, who collaborated on some of the most successful American TV sitcoms of the 1960s, including The Munsters; My Three Sons; Gomer Pyle, USMC and Hogan's Heroes.
- The series was directed by Charles Rondeau and Leslie Goodwins, among many others, and produced by William T. Orr and Hy Averback. I. Stanford Jolley, Forrest Tucker's former father-in-law, appeared as Colonel Ferguson in the 1966 episode "Survival of the Fittest". The entire series was shot on the Warner Bros. backlot in Burbank, California.
- The plot engine of O'Rourke and Agarn's money making schemes echoed that of an American television series of the late 1950s, The Phil Silvers Show, which had featured swindling by the wily Sergeant Bilko, also based at a "peacetime" Army base — albeit in the mid-20th century although with the twist of involving local pre-industrial aboriginals with US military men in money making schemes. It also echoes some of the money making schemes found in the American television series McHale's Navy which was written by some of the same writers from the Bilko show.
- Melody Patterson lied about her age to get the part of Wrangler Jane. She was 15 at the time of her audition, but turned 16 by the time filming started. As a result, the romance between Jane and Parmenter was kept very low key during the first season. By the time production of the second season started, Patterson had turned 17 and Parmenter's affections were made stronger and Jane was made more sexually aggressive.
- The show's ratings were still healthy after the second year, but according to Tucker, Warner Bros.' new owners, Seven Arts, discontinued production because they thought it was wasteful for so much of the Warner Ranch to be taken up by a single half-hour TV show. Producer William Orr says the studio was also unhappy with the added costs of producing the show in color during its second season.
Syndication
Reruns premiered on the ITV network in the United Kingdom on October 29, 1968, and were screened repeatedly until July 16, 1974. The series was also broadcast nationally in Australia on ABC-TV, in Ireland on Telefís Éireann and in Italy during the 80s as a "filler" show during summer months.
Home media
In 1998, 30 of the series' 65 episodes were digitally remastered and released on 10 VHS tapes by Columbia House.On September 27, 2005, Warner Home Video released the first F Troop DVD compilation as part of its "Television Favorites" series. The six-episode DVD included three black-and-white episodes and three color episodes.
Following the successful sales from the "Television Favorites" sampler release, Warner Home Video released F Troop: The Complete First Season, with all 34 black-and-white episodes included. The Complete Second Season of F Troop was released on DVD on May 29, 2007. The DVD features interviews with original F Troop members, writers and other production personnel, as well as behind-the-scenes information. However, only one major actor from the series, Ken Berry, was interviewed for the half-hour special. There were also audio segments of an interview with actor Joe Brooks.
The complete series has been released on iTunes in both SD and remastered HD. For the HD remaster, the original film elements were rescanned into high resolution video.