ExPRESS Logistics Carrier
An EXpedite the PRocessing of Experiments to Space Station Logistics Carrier''' is an unpressurized attached payload platform for the International Space Station that provides mechanical mounting surfaces, electrical power, and command and data handling services for Orbital Replacement Units as well as science experiments on the ISS. The ELCs were developed primarily at the Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, with support from JSC, KSC, and MSFC. ELC was formerly called "Express Pallet" and is the unpressurized counterpart to the pressurized ExPRESS Rack. An ELC provides scientists with a platform and infrastructure to deploy experiments in the vacuum of space without requiring a separate dedicated Earth-orbiting satellite.
ELCs interface directly with the ISS integrated truss common attach system. The P3 Truss has two such attach points called Unpressurised Cargo Carrier Attachment System mechanisms, one facing zenith called UCCAS-1, the other facing nadir called UCCAS-2. The S3 Truss has four similar locations called Payload Attachment System mechanisms, two facing Zenith, and two facing Nadir.
Description
The ELC are four un-pressurized attached payloads, some designed by the Brazilian Space Agency, for the International Space Station that provides mechanical mounting surfaces, electrical power, and command and data handling services for science experiments on the ISS. The ELCs have a deck size of about 14 feet by 16 feet and spans the width of the space shuttle's payload bay. They are made of steel, coated with UV paint. Each one is capable of providing scientists with a platform and infrastructure to deploy experiments in the vacuum of space without requiring a separate dedicated Earth-orbiting satellite. Each carrier is capable of carrying 9,800 lbs. to orbit and will also serve as parking fixtures for spare ISS hardware which can be retrieved when needed. Experiments are mounted on ExPRESS payload adapters which are about the same size as the FRAMs that hold ORUs.Electrical subsystem ExPRESS carrier avionics (ExPCA)
Within the electrical subsystem of the ELC, the ExPRESS carrier avionics provides electrical power distribution to experiments, and data interfaces to the ISS. Within the ExPCA, the ColdFire-based flight computer, software, and related electronics comprise its "flight controller unit". The FCU runs the free open-source real-time operating system RTEMS and provides the computing and communication resources as an ELC Command and Data Handling system with the following major goals:- Provide a low-rate data link interface to ISS to accept commands for the ELC and the resident experiments. The ExPCA is implemented as a remote terminal on the MIL-STD-1553 "ISS local bus." This interface also returns housekeeping telemetry from the ExPCA and resident experiments to the ISS.
- Provide an LRDL from the ExPCA to the experiments resident on the ELC to forward commands from the ISS to the experiments and to receive telemetry from the experiments for transmission to the ISS. This is another MIL-STD-1553 interface, with the ExPCA acting as the Bus Controller.
- Provide a high-rate data link between the ELC and the ISS. This interface is implemented as a fiber optical data bus with a capacity of up to 95.0 Megabits per second. The primary function of this interface is the return on high-volume experiment Science data from the resident experiments to the ISS.
- Provide an Ethernet Local Area Network between the ELC and the resident experiments up to 6.0 Mbit/s per experiment. The primary function of this interface is the return of science experiment data from to the ISS, relayed through the HRDL.
- Support six analog input channels at each ExPA location.
- Support six discrete command channels at each ExPA location.
ELC launch schedule
ELC-1 and ELC-2 were transported to the International Space Station by on mission STS-129 in November 2009. ELC-4 launched on mission STS-133 Discovery on 24 February 2011 and was installed on the station on 27 February. ELC-3 launched on mission STS-134 Endeavour on 16 May 2011 and was installed on the station on 18 May.The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer occupies the mounting location intended for ELC-5 on the ISS truss.
Launch date | Mission | Shuttle | ELC |
16 November 2009 | STS-129 | Atlantis | ELC-1 and ELC-2 |
24 February 2011 | STS-133 | Discovery | ELC-4 |
16 May 2011 | STS-134 | Endeavour | ELC-3 |
Locations and components
ELC-1
ELC-1 is located on the P3 truss at the UCCAS-2 site. ELC-1 weighs approx. 13,840 lbs. A FRAM is a Flight Releasable Attachment Mechanism.- FRAM-1 Formerly held Latching End Effector launched on ELC-1
- FRAM-2 Plasma Contactor Unit launched on ELC-1
- FRAM-3 RRM3. Formerly held STP-H4 the payload was removed by SPDM/Dextre on August 27, 2015 and transferred to HTV-5 for disposal.
- FRAM-4 Formerly held Battery Charger Discharge Unit launched on ELC-1.
- FRAM-5 Control Moment Gyroscope launched on ELC-1
- FRAM-6 Nitrogen Tank Assembly launched on ELC-1
- FRAM-7 Pump Module launched on ELC-1
- FRAM-8 STP-H5 FRAM formerly held OPALS
- FRAM-9 Ammonia Tank Assembly launched on ELC-1
ELC-2
ELC-2 is located on the S3 truss at the PAS-1 site, alongside AMS-2 at PAS-2. ELC-2 weighs approx. 13,400 lbs.- FRAM-1 DCSU placed here by SPDM from ESP-2 on Jan. 30, 2013.
- FRAM-2 Cargo Transport Container-3 launched on ELC-2
- FRAM-3 MISSE-FF Facility FRAM formerly held an ExPRESS payload adapter as MISSE base - MISSE-8 was removed by the Exp. 36 crew Jul. 2013.
- FRAM-4 High Pressure Gas Tank replaced the one carried up on ELC-2, which was used to replace a depleted tank from Quest in EVA during STS-129
- FRAM-5 Control Moment Gyroscope launched on ELC-2
- FRAM-6 Pump Module. Originally held PM SN0005, launched on ELC-2. Healthy SN0005 and degraded SN0004 swapped robotically on 6 March 2015.
- FRAM-7 NICER FRAM originally held an MBSU removed by Expedition 32 crew and installed on truss degraded unit brought inside and returned to earth on the maiden flight of Dragon on SpX-C2.
- FRAM-8 Mobile Transporter Trailing Umbilical System-Reel Assembly launched on ELC-2
- FRAM-9 Nitrogen Tank Assembly launched on ELC-2
ELC-3
ELC-3 is located on the P3 truss at the UCCAS-1 site. ELC-3 weighs 14,023 lbs.- FRAM-1 Cargo Transport Container-5 launched on ELC-3
- FRAM-2 Special Purpose Dextrous Manipulator Arm launched on ELC-3
- FRAM-3 STP-H6 FRAM formerly held SCAN Testbed
- FRAM-4 S band Antenna Sub-System Assembly #3 launched on ELC-3
- FRAM-5 TSIS FRAM formerly held Space Test Program-Houston 3 DOD experiment launched on ELC-3 removed by the SPDM and placed on HTV-4 for disposal.
- FRAM-6 Ammonia Tank Assembly launched on ELC-3
- FRAM-7 High Pressure Gas Tank launched on ELC-3
- FRAM-8 S band Antenna Sub-System Assembly #2 launched on ELC-3
ELC-4
ELC-4 is located on the S3 truss at the PAS-4 site, alongside ESP-3 at PAS-3. ELC-4 weighs 8,235 lbs.- Heat Rejection System Radiator launched on the top side of ELC-4
- FRAM-1 Cargo Transport Container-2 delivered to ISS by HTV-2 via SPDM held by the SPDM since its initial delivery by the HTV-2
- FRAM-2 MUSES delivered by SpaceX Dragon CRS-11
- FRAM-3 SAGE III FRAM formerly held Robotic Refueling Mission was delivered to the ISS by STS-135, placing it temporarily on the SPDM at Destiny. The RRM held by the SPDM was later moved to this FRAM. Removed by SPDM/Dextre on March 5, 2017 and stored in the trunk of SpaceX Dragon CRS10 for disposal.
- FRAM-4 Utility Transfer Assembly
- FRAM-5 Flex Hose Rotary Coupler delivered to the ISS by HTV-2 Exposed Pallet, was then moved to this FRAM via SPDM