Calipari joined Vanderbilt University in 2017. She works on the brain circuitry that is used for adaptive and maladaptive neurological processes including reward, associative learning and motivation, and how these are associated with psychiatric disease. In Tennessee, where Calipari grew up, there are more prescriptions for opioids than there are people living in the state. Calipari believes that drug addiction is a decision-making disease: people make decisions to choose to invest in drugs over other expenses. She looks at which parts of the brain are involved with making decisions, and how to reprogram them to make other choices. Her lab use fibre photometry calcium imaging, which monitors neural activity in subpopulations of neurons using an optical fibers, optogenetics, and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry. She is interested in why women are vulnerable to drug addiction, and how the immune system could be used to fight the opioid epidemic. She believes that through the platform of sport it is possible to communicate the dangers of drug addiction. Whilst women are more susceptible to drug addiction, the majority of addiction studies are focussed on men. This means that medication development has focussed on correcting addiction in men, and may explain why women do not respond to treatment in the same way as men. Calipari found that when hormones related to fertility are high, women make stronger associations to clues in their environment and more likely to seek rewards, which makes them more prone to drug addiction and relapse. Her research can be used by treatment centres to educate women about their decision making mechanisms.
Selected publications
López AJ, Siciliano CA, Calipari ES. Activity-Dependent Epigenetic Remodeling in Cocaine Use Disorder. Handb Exp Pharmacol. 2019;10.1007/164_2019_257. doi:10.1007/164_2019_257
Brady LJ, Hofford RS, Tat J, Calipari ES, Kiraly DD. Granulocyte-Colony Stimulating Factor Alters the Pharmacodynamic Properties of Cocaine in Female Mice. ACS Chem Neurosci. 2019;10:4213–4220. doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.9b00309
Fakira AK, Peck EG, Liu Y, et al. The role of the neuropeptide PEN receptor, GPR83, in the reward pathway: Relationship to sex-differences. Neuropharmacology. 2019;157:107666. doi:10.1016/j.neuropharm.2019.107666
Zhang H, Chaudhury D, Nectow AR, et al. α1- and β3-Adrenergic Receptor-Mediated Mesolimbic Homeostatic Plasticity Confers Resilience to Social Stress in Susceptible Mice. Biol Psychiatry. 2019;85:226–236. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.08.020
Personal life
Calpari is married to Cody Siciliano, a neuroscientist at Vanderbilt University.