Epicyon


Epicyon is a large, extinct, canid genus of the subfamily Borophaginae, native to North America. Epicyon existed for about from the Hemingfordian age of the Early Miocene to the Hemphillian of the Late Miocene.

Description

Epicyon was about long, and is estimated to have had a weight of. Epicyon had a massive head and powerful jaws, giving its skull a lion-like shape rather than having a skull similar in shape to that of a wolf. It is one of, if not the largest known genus of canid.
Epicyon was one of the last of the Borophaginae and shared its North American habitat with several other canids including:
Epicyon was first named by Joseph Leidy in 1858 as a subgenus of Canis. It was also mentioned as belonging to Aelurodontina by William Diller Matthew & Stirton in 1930. Later studies indicates that it was not a species of Canis, but a borophagine.

Fossil range

Fossil specimens range from Florida to Alberta, Canada to California; from Nebraska, and Kansas to New Mexico and Texas.

Species

In North America, in places such as Coffee Ranch in Texas, Epicyon shared territory with the bear Agriotherium as well as the feliform Barbourofelis, machairodont cat Amphimachairodus coloradensis and fellow canid Borophagus. All of these animals were potential competitors that would have occasionally conflicted with Epicyon for food and territory. Prey for Epicyon included herbivores like the camel Aepycamelus, the pronghorn antelope Cosoryx, horses like Neohipparion and Nannippus, the peccary Prosthennops and rhinoceroses like Teleoceras, all of which could provide a suitable meal through hunting or scavenging.

General references