Enel Green Power


Enel Green Power S.p.A. is an Italian multinational renewable energy corporation, headquartered in Rome.
The company was formed as a subsidiary of the power generation firm Enel in December 2008, grouping its global renewable energy interests. Enel Green Power had operations in over 27 countries across the five continents. It generates energy from hydropower, wind, solar, geothermal, and biomass sources.
It currently manages a capacity of around 46 GW and has over 1200 plants worldwide.
The business of Enel Green Power, through the production of renewable energy, is aimed at promoting susatainable development of the nations and supporting companies in their path of susatainability through a solid and lasting partnership model that it takes the form of a Power Purchase Agreement.

History

Enel Green Power was founded on 1 December 2008 to concentrate all of Enel's activities in the production of renewable energy. At the time of its establishment, Enel Green Power was the largest European company in the field of renewable energy both in terms of installed capacity and international presence. Following its foundation, the activities of the renewable energy branch which were until then held by Enel Produzione SpA in Italy, and those belonging to Enel Investment Holding abroad, have been gradually transferred to Enel Green Power.
In November 2010, following Enel's acquisition of Endesa, the company made an initial public offering of 30.8% of Enel Green Power in the Italian Stock Exchange and the Bolsa de Madrid, earning the company €2.6 billion. It was the largest initial public offering in Europe since that of Iberdrola Renovables in December 2007.
In Italy and Spain, the IPO of Enel Green Power was handled by PricewaterhouseCoopers and involved about 340 thousand investors, generating a demand of about 1,260 million shares.
At the end of September 2011, the company's total worldwide installed capacity was 6,490 MW, which it intended to increase to 10,400 MW by 2015.
In 2014, the company was presented with a European Solar Prize by Eurosolar.
On 11 November 2014, the United States Attorney for the Northern District of Oklahoma filed suit against Enel's subsidiary Osage Wind LLC, an 84-turbine industrial wind project in Osage County, Okla. In the suit, the United States alleges that Enel and Osage Wind are illegally converting minerals owned by the Osage Nation, a Native American tribe that has owned all mineral rights in the county since 1871. The suit says that Osage Wind should have obtained a permit from the Bureau of Indian Affairs before mining rock and other material for the pits in which turbine bases are built. The United States asked that all excavating on the 8,500 acre site cease and that dozens of turbines that are already being erected be removed.
Osage Wind has insisted that it is not mining and needs no permit. The company says that it has already spent nearly $300 million on the project, which is being built on privately-owned fee land, not land held in trust for American Indians.
Osage Wind LLC and a second and adjacent Enel wind project, Mustang Run, are also embroiled in cases pending before the Oklahoma Supreme Court in which the Osage Nation and Osage County, Oklahoma, are challenging the constitutional legitimacy of permits for both projects.
On 3 February 2015, a turbine at the hydropower plant at Barber Dam, Boise, Idaho, turned off. A regional operations manager for Enel says it's not clear what caused the shut down, and that an alert system also failed. Boise River water normally flows through at, but that night it dipped to less than. Several local, state, and federal agencies are now looking into the incident, and its effects. Idaho Rivers United says even though it's hard to measure the impact, it's an important issue. "The damage is invisible right now but that doesn't mean there wasn't a lot of harm done to the river." The low water level stretched downstream, and brought the Boise River to its driest point in decades. Idaho Fish and Game says they did find some dead fish, and although they believe while adult fish weren't impacted, younger ones could have been. "We think there was some impact to wild brown trout and small young of the year mountain whitefish, as well as the food base... this event could have been potentially damaging to that age class of wild brown trout and wild mountain whitefish," said Joe Kozfkay, Idaho Fish and Game Regional Fish Manager.

Operations

Enel Green Power is engaged in the production of electricity from renewable sources at a global level: in October 2018, with 1239 active power plants, it is present in 5 continents. The production mix includes geothermal energy, hydropower, solar energy, biomass, and wind power, with a total production capacity of 9,789 MW.

Electricity production

Enel Green Power has a total 9.9 GW of wind power capacity, representing 23,1% of the total capacity; hydroelectric capacity was 28.1 GW ; geothermal power 0.9 GW ; solar power 3.9 GW ; and electricity from biomass 0.06 GW.
CountryWind PowerHydropowerGeothermalSolar EnergyBiomass and otherTotal
Italy1.1914.025.760.020.1121.10
Iberia3.355.04-0.030.008.42
Latin America3.6633.600.061.58-38.90
Argentina-1.91---1.91
Brazil1.812.94-0.47-5.23
Chile1.7010.140.061.04-12.94
Colombia-14.59---14.59
Peru-4.02-0.06-4.08
Uruguay0.15----0.15
Others0.15----0.15
Europe and North Africa1.810.02-0.17-2.01
Romania1.31--0.04-1.36
Russia------
Slovakia------
France------
Belgium------
Greece0.400.02-0.13-0.55
Bulgaria0.10----0.10
North / Central America6.922.68-0.19-9.79
Mexico1.810.22-0.00-2.02
Panama-1.47-0.06-1.53
United States4.880.07-0.13-5.08
Canada0.23----0.23
Guatemala-0.61---0.61
Costa Rica-0.32---0.32
Others0.230.93---1.16
Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia0.89--0.59-1.48
South Africa0.57--0.59-1.16
India0.33----0.33
Enel Group Total17.8355.365.822.580.1181.70

Technology

Geothermal

Enel Green Power runs 35 geothermal power plants in Tuscany, with a total capacity of about 776,2 MW, that are able meet more than 30% of the regional consumption. Amongst those, the plant of Larderello, built in 1904, is currently one of the largest in the world.
In the United States Enel Green Power operates three power plants, one of which is a solar-geothermal hybrid. Two of them are located in Churchill County, Nevada, and one is near Cove Fort, Utah.
In Chile the company is finalizing Cerro Pabellon being first commercial geothermal power plant of South America and the highest worldwide at 4500 m a.s.l..

Geothermal-biomass hybrid

Enel Green Power brought online in 2015 Cornia 2, in Castelnuovo Val di Cecina, Pisa. Cornia 2 is the world's first geothermal-biomass hybrid plant, where the biomass, which comes from agriculture and related activities within 70 km from the plant itself, contribute to heat the geothermal steam up to over double its usual temperature, thus increasing the electricity production capacity by 5 MW on top of the current 13 MW.

Solar-geothermal hybrid

Enel Green Power has designed and built the first solar-geothermal hybrid plant, that combines the two sources of energy thus increasing the electricity production capacity. The first power plant of this kind, the Stillwater site, is located in Fallon, Nevada, and has received $40 million in tax relief under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act.
In the first half of 2014 work began to integrate a solar thermal power plant to the structure, which will add an additional capacity of 26 MW to the current net capacity of 33 MW.
In the second half of 2014, Enel Green Power has partnered with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory and the Idaho National Laboratory, under the supervision of the US Department of Geothermal Technologies Office, via a cooperative research and development agreement, in order to use the data of the Stillwater plant to further develop the technology.

Solar thermal and concentrated solar power (CSP)

The company also operates in the solar thermal and concentrated solar power, participating in research and development activities along with ENEA. Based on the studies of Nobel laureate Carlo Rubbia, in 2010 Enel Green Power built the Archimede combined cycle power plant in Priolo Gargallo in Sicily, with a total capacity of 5 MW. In the plant, parabolic mirrors focus the sun's heat on a fluid of molten salts that reaches temperatures of over 500 °C/932 °F and is able to retain heat for several hours, turning water into steam that then activates the traditional steam turbines system to produce electricity. The objective is to increase the efficiency of this type of plants so as to make them competitive compared to other sources.

Hydropower

In Panama, the company runs the plants of Fortuna, in Chiriquí, which produces 300 MW and covers about 25% of the entire national production of electricity. The plant is located in the Fortuna Forest Reserve.

Wind power

Enel Green Power's experience with wind power dates back to 1984, when Enel built the first Italian wind farm in Sardinia. In October 2008, in Kansas, US, the Smoky Hills Wind Farm, with a capacity of 250 MW, came into service, while in January 2008 in Snyder, Texas, Enel Green Power completed the installation of 21 wind turbines of 3 MW each.

Wind-solar hybrid and cogeneration

In 2014, in Ollagüe, Chile, Enel Green Power began the construction of a mini hybrid solar-wind cogeneration plant for the production of both electricity and hot water, which runs independently from the national electricity system and is able to meet the average need of 150 families with an average capacity of 232 kW.

Marine energy

At the end of 2014, Enel Green Power and DCNS were appointed by CORFO in Chile to research and develop new technologies for the use of marine energy. The Marine Energy Research and Innovation Centre was built to carry out the assignment.

International presence

Europe

Italy

More than half of Enel Green Power's plants are located in Italy, for a net installed capacity of around 14,321 MW. The production mix includes geothermal power, hydroelectricity, wind power, solar power and biomass power.
Enel Green Power is also a leader in geothermal, with 35 power plants located in Tuscany, representing a capacity of 728 MW and providing an annual production of over 6 billion kWh. The company is a world reference for this technology. It initiated its first center in the area of Larderello in Tuscany, as early as the beginning of last century.
Wind energy has had the greatest growth in Italy since the beginning of the 21st century, including ENEL facilities.
In the field of solar energy, Enel Green Power developed the franchisee model in Italy of Enel Green Power Retail. In addition, a thin-film photovoltaic panels factory was inaugurated in 2011 in Catania, through a joint venture with Sharp and STMicroelectronics. The generation of electricity from solar energy is coming from 67 MW installed in 2011,.

Iberian peninsula

Enel Green Power has facilities in the Iberian Peninsula thorough a total installed capacity of 6,293 MW and 120 plants. This presence is the result of the integration of renewable energy activities of Enel and Endesa. The wind technology, with about 79 plants, has a net installed capacity of 1,646MW. The production mix includes hydroelectric energy with about 139 plants for 4633 MW, solar with 5 plants for 13 MW, and biomass with 1 plant representing 0.5 MW.

Eastern Europe

Enel Green Power has substantial presence in Romania: it has 8 operating wind farms with an installed capacity of 499 MW and 4 photovoltaic plants with a capacity of 36 MW. Enel Green Power is also present in Bulgaria with two wind farms representing 42 MW.

Greece

Enel Green Power is present in Greece, with 18 wind farms for a net installed capacity of 200 MW, 5 hydroelectric plants for 19 MW and 28 photovoltaic plants for 88 MW.

North America

In North America, Enel Green Power has an overall capacity of 2,316 MW across four technologies. In the United States Enel Green Power owns 51 hydroelectric plants, 25 wind farms, 22 photovoltaic plants and 3 geothermal plants. In Canada it has 2 wind farms.

Latin America

Enel Green Power has a presence in Central and South America with 152 plants spread across Mexico, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Argentine, Colombia, Peru, Panama, Chile and Brazil.
Enel Green Power currently has 16 plants in Mexico, with a managed capacity of 1592 MW and a production mix that includes hydroelectric, wind and solar energy.
In Costa Rica, EGP has 4 hydroelectric plants with a managed capacity of 81 MW.
EGP is present in Guatemala with 5 plants and a managed capacity of 1592 MW, including wind, hydroelectric and solar energy.
In Panama, EGP has 7 plants, divided between hydroelectric and solar, with a managed capacity of 354 MW.
EGP also produces green energy in Chile, with 39 plants divided between wind farms, hydroelectric, solar and geothermal. The total managed capacity is 4873 MW.
In Brazil, EGP has 56 plants and a managed capacity of 2530 MW, coming from wind, hydroelectric and solar energy.
In Argentina, EGP has 2 hydroelectric plants and a managed capacity of 1328 MW.
In Colombia, EGP has 13 plants, a managed capacity of 3075 MW and a production combination that includes hydroelectric and solar energy.
In Peru, EGP has 10 plants and a managed capacity of 1220 MW, coming from wind, hydroelectric and solar energy.

Power purchase agreements (PPAs)

The core business of Enel Green Power consists of the sale of renewable energy generated by its plants to commercial and industrial customers.
To build long-term partnerships with companies around the world, Enel Green Power uses power purchase agreements : long-term energy supply agreements through which EGP develops tailor-made projects for each company. Each contract is outlined together with the customer in such a way as to respond to his needs and at the same time comply with current legislation.