Elisabeth Kalko was an ecologist with a first degree in biology from the University of Tübingen in Germany, which was followed by a doctorate in 1991. The topic of her thesis was The ecolocation and hunting behaviour of three European dwarf bat species Pipistrellus pipistrellus, Pipistrellus nathuslii and Pipistrellus kuhli, in the wild. Her studies were conducted as fellow of the National Merit Foundation. From 1991 to 1993, Kalko held a NATO post-doc stipend for research at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C. and at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama. In 1993-1997, she worked on the DFG programs 'Mechanism maintaining tropical diversity' and 'Diversity, structure and dynamics of neotropical bats' and held a DFG Heisenberg habilitation stipend from 1997 to 1999. The habilitation was completed in 1999 in Tübingen. In 1999, Kalko was appointed staff scientist at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama. She spent considerable amounts of time on expeditions and at scientific institutions in the US such as the NationalMuseum of Natural History in Washington, D.C., in the Congo and many other countries. Since 2000, Kalko held a joint appointment not only at STRI but also as director and full professor at the Institute of Experimental Ecology at the University of Ulm in Germany, the town where Albert Einstein was born. Part of her scientific crew was one of the leading German entomologists, Heiko Bellmann. She also maintained relations with the American Museum of Natural History as a Research Associate. Kalko was a member of the German National Committee on Global Change Research, elected for life to the Heidelberg Academy of Sciences. From 2005 to 2011, she was elected vice-president of the Society of Tropical Ecology, and from 2008 on she was a member of the Senate Commission on Biodiversity of the German Research Foundation. The same year, Kalko became Head Elect of DIVERSITAS Germany. As editor-in-chief of the international tropical ecology journal Ecotropica, she strengthened the journal's profile considerably. During the early 2000s, she was one of the most prominent experts in the areas of bat community ecology, echolocation and bat behaviour. Elisabeth Kalko died during a visit in Tanzania on 26 September 2011.
Research
Recent research conducted by Elisabeth Kalko has highlighted the importance of bats for maintenance of tropical forests and has revealed that ecolocation signal intensity has been a largely underestimated aspect in echolocation research. Kalko initiated and led a series of German Research Foundation projects into tropical bat ecology, biodiversity and zoonoses on all continents, she also spearheaded EU-funded research in bioacoustics.
