Eastern Air Lines Shuttle was the brand name of Eastern's air shuttle that began on April 30, 1961. The shuttle originally flew between New York City, Boston, Washington, D.C. and Newark. The shuttle became part of the fabric of business and government travel in the northeast corridor. No reservations were needed; passengers just showed up at the terminal, and if a plane was full, another was rolled out. The shuttle's slogan was Imagine life without us. It was sold in 1988 and in its present incarnation is known as the American Airlines Shuttle.
Service
On April 30, 1961 Eastern inaugurated the Eastern Air Lines Shuttle. Initially 95/96 seat Lockheed 1049 Super Constellations left New York-LaGuardia every two hours, from 8:00 AM to 10:00 PM, to Washington National and to Boston. On August 1 LGA-BOS became hourly, 7:00 AM to 10:00 PM out of each city; LGA-DCA followed in the next month or two. Fare in May 1961 was $10.95 to Boston and $12.75 to Washington, slightly below regular coach fare. Reservations were not needed, seat assignments were not given, and initially no check-in was required and no boarding passes were issued. But Eastern guaranteed everyone a seat; if the flight filled up, another aircraft was ready to go. On Sunday after Thanksgiving 1961 the 10 PM flights between La Guardia and Boston carried 623 passengers on seven aircraft. The Shuttle peaked in 1963, when weekdays saw hourly Super Constellations 7:00 AM to 10:00 PM each way LGA-BOS and LGA-DCA, hourly DC-7Bs 7:30 to 10:30 each way EWR-BOS, Super Constellations every two hours 7:30 to 9:30 each way EWR-DCA and five flights each way DCA-BOS. In 1966 the NY Times reported that the Shuttle was carrying 86% of the "Washington-New York area air traffic" and 76% of the traffic to Boston; it said the Shuttle "lost several million dollars a year until about two years ago". Electras took over the first sections LGA-BOS and LGA-DCA in Sept-Oct 1965 ; Electras became backups to 727s in 1966, then to DC-9s in 1967.
Later years and competition
, a subsidiary of Frank Lorenzo's Texas Air Corporation, started a competing shuttle service in 1980 with DC-9s. Lorenzo acquired Eastern in 1986, and had to sell New York Air's shuttle service to Pan American World Airways to get Department of Justice antitrust clearance. By 1986 the two shuttles were in intense competition; Pan Am had a market share of around 45 percent and touted its full-service product in comparison to Eastern's no-frills product. In 1987 Lorenzo unsuccessfully tried to sell the Eastern shuttle to his own Texas Air Corporation, apparently for the purpose of transferring cash out of Eastern in the form of advisory fees. Eastern's labor unions challenged the sale in federal court and won a judgment requiring union bargaining in connection with the sale. By then, the shuttle was one of the few profitable operations under the Eastern brand.
