Curcuma
Curcuma is a genus of about 100 accepted species in the family Zingiberaceae that contains such species as turmeric and Siam tulip. They are native to Southeast Asia, southern China, the Indian Subcontinent, New Guinea and northern Australia. Some species are reportedly naturalised in other warm parts of the world such as tropical Africa, Central America, Florida, and various islands of the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Oceans.
The name comes from the Sanskrit kuṅkuma, referring to turmeric. Turmeric has been used in India since ancient times as a substitute for saffron and other yellowish pigments. Since assembly of the genus Curcuma by Linnaeus in 1753, about 130 species have been described so far. Some of the species descriptions are without Latin diagnosis or type specimen, therefore the legitimacy of many species is unclear. An overview about the taxonomical classification along with citation of the most relevant literature of Curcuma species can be found at Wikispecies.Species
- Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb.
- Curcuma albicoma S.Q.Tong
- Curcuma albiflora Thwaites
- Curcuma alismatifolia Gagnep. : Siam tulip
- Curcuma amada Roxb. : mango-ginger
- Curcuma amarissima Roscoe
- Curcuma angustifolia Roxb.
- Curcuma aromatica Salisb. : wild turmeric
- Curcuma attenuata Wall. ex Baker
- Curcuma aurantiaca van Zijp
- Curcuma australasica Hook.f.
- Curcuma bakeriana Hemsl. nomen illegit.
- Curcuma bicolor Mood & K.Larsen
- Curcuma bhatii Skornickova & M.Sabu
- Curcuma burttii K.Larsen & R.M.Smith
- Curcuma caesia Roxb. : black turmeric
- Curcuma ceratotheca K.Schum.
- Curcuma chuanezhu Z.Y.Zhu nomen illegit.
- Curcuma chuanhuangjiang Z.Y.Zhu nomen illegit.
- Curcuma chuanyujin C.K.Hsieh & H.Zhang
- Curcuma cochinchinensis Gagnep.
- Curcuma codonantha Skornickova
- Curcuma coerulea K.Schum.
- Curcuma colorata Valeton
- Curcuma comosa Roxb.
- Curcuma coriacea Mangaly & M.Sabu
- Curcuma decipiens Dalzell
- Curcuma ecalcarata Sivar. & Balach.
- Curcuma euchroma Valeton
- Curcuma ecomata Craib
- Curcuma elata Roxb.
- Curcuma exigua N.Liu
- Curcuma ferruginea Roxb.
- Curcuma flaviflora S.Q.Tong
- Curcuma glans K.Larsen & Mood
- Curcuma gracillima Gagnep.
- Curcuma grandiflora Wall. ex Baker
- Curcuma haritha Mangaly & M.Sabu
- Curcuma harmandii Gagnep.
- Curcuma heyneana Valeton & van Zijp
- Curcuma inodora Blatt.
- Curcuma karnatakensis Amalraj
- Curcuma kudagensis Velayudhan, V.S.Pillai & Amalraj
- Curcuma kwangsiensis S.G.Lee & C.L.Liang
- Curcuma lanceolata Ridley
- Curcuma larsenii C.Maknoi & T.Jenjittikul
- Curcuma latiflora Valeton
- Curcuma latifolia Roscoe
- Curcuma leonidii identified at Bu Gia Map National Park
- Curcuma leucorrhiza Roxb.
- Curcuma loerzingii Valeton
- Curcuma longa L. : turmeric
- Curcuma longispica Valeton
- Curcuma malabarica Velayudhan, Amalraj & Muralidharan
- Curcuma meraukensis Valeton
- Curcuma mutabilis Skornickova, M.Sabu & Prasanthkumar
- Curcuma neilgherrensis Wight
- Curcuma nilamburensis K.C.Velayudhan et al.
- Curcuma oligantha Trimen
- Curcuma ornata Wall. ex Baker
- Curcuma parviflora Wall.
- Curcuma parvula Gage
- Curcuma peethapushpa Sasidh. & Sivar.
- Curcuma petiolata Roxb.
- Curcuma phaeocaulis Valeton
- Curcuma pierreana Gagnep.
- Curcuma plicata Wall. ex Baker
- Curcuma porphyrotaenia Zipp. ex Span.
- Curcuma prakasha S.Tripathi
- Curcuma pseudomontana J.Graham
- Curcuma purpurascens Blume
- Curcuma purpurea Blatt.
- Curcuma raktakanta Mangaly & M.Sabu
- Curcuma reclinata Roxb.
- Curcuma rhabdota Sirirugsa & M.F.Newman
- Curcuma rhomba Mood & K.Larsen
- Curcuma roscoeana Wall.
- Curcuma rubescens Roxb.
- Curcuma rubrobracteata Skornickova, M.Sabu & Prasanthkumar
- Curcuma saraburiensis Boonma & Saensouk
- Curcuma sattayasaii A.Chaveerach & R.Sudmoon
- Curcuma sichuanensis X.X.Chen
- Curcuma singularis Gagnep.
- Curcuma sparganiifolia Gagnep.
- Curcuma stenochila Gagnep.
- Curcuma strobilifera Wall. ex Baker
- Curcuma sulcata Haines
- Curcuma sumatrana Miq.
- Curcuma sylvatica Valeton
- Curcuma thalakaveriensis Velayudhan et al.
- Curcuma thorelii Gagnep.
- Curcuma tongii Y.H. Tang & Li X.Zhang
- Curcuma trichosantha Gagnep.
- Curcuma vamana M.Sabu & Mangaly
- Curcuma vellanikkarensis K.C.Velayudhan et al.
- Curcuma wenyujin Y.H.Chen & C.Ling
- Curcuma wenchowensis Y.H.Chen & C.Ling
- Curcuma xanthella Škorničk, 2013
- Curcuma yunnanensis N.Liu & C.Senjen
- Curcuma zanthorrhiza Roxb. : temu lawak
- Curcuma zedoaria Roscoe : zedoary
- Curcuma zedoaroides A.Chaveerach & T.Tanee
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