Collection of fossils in the National Museum of Brazil
The National Museum of Brazil collections included an exhibition of fossils.
The current status of the collection is unknown after the fire that destroyed the museum in September 2018.
| Image | Name | Age | Period | Origin | Notes |
| Angaturama limai skeleton | 110 Ma | Early Cretaceous | Santana Formation | ||
| Lambeosaurus skull | 75 Ma | Late Cretaceous | Dinosaur Park Formation | ||
| Tyrannosaurus rex skull | 65 Ma | Late Cretaceous | |||
| Luzia Woman | 11 ka | Found in Lapa Vermelha IV, Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais, Brazil | |||
| Dinodontosaurus skeleton | 290-225 Ma | Permian-Triassic | Santa Maria Formation | ||
| Santanaraptor skeleton | 110 Ma | Early Cretaceous | Santana Formation | ||
| Saber-toothed cat skeleton | 1.8 Ma | Pleistocene | |||
| Odonata fossil | 105 Ma | Early Cretaceous | Crato Formation | ||
| Maxakalisaurus topai skeleton | 80 Ma | Late Cretaceous | Adamantina Formation | ||
| Pterosaur wing | |||||
| Eremotherium skeleton | 1.8 Ma | ||||
| Ruffordia goepperti | |||||
| Tupandactylus skeleton | 115 Ma | Early Cretaceous | Crato Formation | ||
| Tropeognathus mesembrinus skeleton | 110 Ma | Early Cretaceous | Santana Formation | ||
| Dastilbe crandalli | 105-110 Ma | Early Cretaceous | Crato & Santana Formations | ||
| Psaronius brasiliensis | 270 Ma | Permian | Piauí | ||
| Spiders | 105 Ma | Early Cretaceous | Crato Formation | ||
| Annularia, Asplenites, Bornia, Calamites, Cyclopteris, Equisetites, Glockeria, Hymenophylites, Lepidodendron, Lepidophyllum, Neuropteris, Odontopteris, Pecopteris, Sphenopteris, Sigillaria, Stigmaria, Volkmannia, Woodwardites | Carboniferous | Europe | |||
| Annularia, Asplenites, Bornia, Calamites, Cyclopteris, Equisetites, Glockeria, Hymenophylites, Lepidodendron, Lepidophyllum, Neuropteris, Odontopteris, Pecopteris, Sphenopteris, Sigillaria, Stigmaria, Volkmannia, Woodwardites | Carboniferous | Europe | |||
| Protoischnurus axelrodorum | 105 Ma | Early Cretaceous | Crato Formation | ||
| Araripemys barretoi | 110 Ma | Early Cretaceous | Santana Formation | ||
| Bauruemys elegans | 80 Ma | Late Cretaceous | Presidente Prudente Formation | ||
| Beurlenia araripensis | 105 Ma | Early Cretaceous | Crato Formation | ||
| Araripichthys castilhoi | 105-110 Ma | Early Cretaceous | Crato & Santana Formations | ||
| Stereosternum | 275 Ma | Permian | Irati Formation | ||
| Lizard | 105 Ma | Early Cretaceous | Crato Formation |