The manor of Lumsden is first mentioned when Edgar, King of Scotland, son of Malcolm III of Scotland refounded Coldingham Priory in the county of Berwick, endowing it with the villages of Swinewood, Renton, Lumsdene and Coldingham. The first people recorded to have possessed Easter and Wester Lumsden, were Gillem and Cren de Lummisden, who between 1166 and 1182, attested a charter by Waldeve, Earl of Dunbar to Coldingham Priory. Between 1249 and 1262 Gilbert de Lumisden appears as a witness to charters. In 1296 the common ancestor of the Lumsdens, Adam de Lumsden of that Ilk and his son, Roger de Lummesdene, both appear on the Ragman Rolls, with the given spelling variations, giving homage to Edward I of England. The first recognised chief of Clan Lumsden who descended from Adam was Gilbert, who married the heiress of Blanerne, as evidenced by a charter of 15 June 1329. Later he adopted her crest of a white-tailed eagle devouring a salmon and this crest is still used by the armigerous Fife branch of the clan. Gilbert's eldest son was another Gilbert from whom descend the Lumsden or Lumsdaine families of Blanerne, Airdrie, Innergellie, Stravithie, Lathallan and Rennyhill. Gilbert's younger son was Thomas who held the lands of Drum and Conland in Fife as well as East and West Medlar, or Cushnie in Aberdeenshire as confirmed in a charter of 1353. From Thomas descend the Lumsden families of Cushnie-Lumsden, Tillycairn, Clova and Auchindoir. The Burgess-Lumsden family descend through a female line and the more recent Lumsden branches of Balmedie, Belhelvie, Sluie and Banchory belong to cadet branches of this family.
In 1672 the senior line of Lumsden did not register their arms, although two cadet branches of Alexander Lumsden of Cushnie and Sir James Lumsden of Innergellie did register their arms. Today there are thirteen Lumsden families who bear arms who are all descended from either Alexander or Sir James. James Lumsden served under Gustavus Adolphus, the king of Sweden during the Thirty Years' War. Later he and his brother, William, returned to Scotland to fight for the royalists during the Scottish Civil War, after the Battle of Marston Moor in 1644. The Lumsdens of Cushnie were barons of the north who sat in Parliament.
