Cimitero Monumentale di Milano
The Cimitero Monumentale is one of the two largest cemeteries in Milan, Italy, the other one being the Cimitero Maggiore. It is noted for the abundance of artistic tombs and monuments.
Designed by the architect Carlo Maciachini, it was planned to consolidate a number of small cemeteries that used to be scattered around the city into a single location.
Officially opened in 1866, it has since then been filled with a wide range of contemporary and classical Italian sculptures as well as Greek temples, elaborate obelisks, and other original works such as a scaled-down version of the Trajan's Column. Many of the tombs belong to noted industrialist dynasties, and were designed by artists such as Adolfo Wildt, Giò Ponti, Arturo Martini, Agenore Fabbri, Lucio Fontana, Medardo Rosso, Giacomo Manzù, Floriano Bodini, and Giò Pomodoro.
The main entrance is through the large Famedio, a massive Hall of Fame-like Neo-Medieval style building made of marble and stone that contains the tombs of some of the city's and the country's most honored citizens, including that of novelist Alessandro Manzoni.
The Civico Mausoleo Palanti designed by the architect Mario Palanti is a tomb built for meritorious "Milanesi", or citizens of Milan. The memorial of about 800 Milanese killed in Nazi concentration camps is located in the center and is the work of the group BBPR, formed by leading exponents of Italian rationalist architecture that included Gianluigi Banfi.
The cemetery has a special section for those who do not belong to the Catholic religion and a Jewish section.
Near the entrance there is a permanent exhibition of prints, photographs, and maps outlining the cemetery's historical development. It includes two battery-operated electric hearses built in the 1920s.
The Jewish Section
The section, planned by Carlo Maciachini, was opened in 1872 as a substitute for the cemeteries of Porta Tenaglia, Porta Magenta and Porta Vercellina. It is located east of the catholic cemetery and has a separate entrance. The area is the result of an enlarging of 1913 which added a zone in the southern and eastern direction. The central building was originally the entrance to the cemetery.The numbering of the tombs is repeated because the cemetery is subdivided into 6 fields and an addition in the eastern side. There are also three common fields one of which for children, with burials between 1873 and 1894, with small gravestones with name, surname and date of death in the ground.
The monuments, built between 1866 and our days, are located along the walkways. There are also family shrines, two of which planned by Maciachini, columbariums and ossuaries on the northern and western walls and burials in the central building.
The burials are 1778, some of which are in memory of people killed by the nazis in concentration camps or in the lake Maggiore.
There are many monuments of artistic value built by important architects and sculptors, described in the guide book by Giovanna Ginex and Ornella Selvafolta.
The following architects have worked in the Jewish section: Carlo Maciachini, Giovanni Battista Bossi, Ercole Balossi Merlo, Luigi Conconi, Giovanni Ceruti, Carlo Meroni, Cesare Mazzocchi , Manfredo d'Urbino , Gigiotti Zanini, Adolfo Valabrega, Luigi Perrone and the sculptors Mario Quadrelli, Giuseppe Daniele Benzoni, Luigi Vimercati, Agostino Caravati, Rizzardo Galli, Enrico Cassi, Attilio Prendoni, Eduardo Ximenes, Giulio Branca, fratelli Bonfanti, Enrico Astorri, Egidio Boninsegna, Dario Viterbo, Giannino Castiglioni, Adolfo Wildt, Eugenio Pellini, Arrigo Minerbi, Roberto Terracini.
The central building was enriched in May 2015 with artistic windows representing the 12 Israel tribes by artist Diego Pennacchio Ardemagni.
Crematorium
The cemetery contains the Crematorium Temple, which was the first crematorium to open in the Western world. The crematorium opened in 1876 and was operational until 1992. The building is also a columbarium. As with other early crematoria in Italy, it was built in Greek Revival architecture.Famous graves
Signals located throughout the cemetery point visitors to several of the most remarkable tombs and monuments. Some of the persons interred in the cemetery include:- Alberto Ascari, Formula One champion driver
- Antonio Ascari, Grand Prix champion driver
- Gae Aulenti, architect
- Lelio Basso, politician
- Ernesto Bazzaro, sculptor
- Luca Beltrami, architect
- Antonio Bernocchi , industrialist
- Agostino Bertani, revolutionary, physician
- Arrigo Boito, composer, librettist
- Camillo Boito, architect
- Gino Bramieri, comedian and actor
- Gaspare Campari, drink maker
- Candido Cannavò, journalist
- Gianroberto Casaleggio, entrepreneur, political activist
- Carlo Cattaneo, philosopher, patriot
- Alfredo Catalani, composer
- Camilla Cederna, editor, writer
- Walter Chiari, actor
- Franco Corelli, opera tenor
- Valentina Cortese, actress
- Giangiacomo Feltrinelli , publisher, businessman
- Filippo Filippi, journalist, music critic
- Dario Fo, 1997 Nobel prize in Literature
- Giorgio Gaber, singer-songwriter, comedian
- Giorgio Gaslini, jazz pianist, composer, conductor
- Luigi Giussani, priest, founder of "Communion and Liberation"
- Paolo Grassi, theatrical impresario
- Francesco Hayez, painter
- Vladimir Horowitz, pianist
- Herbert Kilpin, founder of A.C. Milan football club
- Anna Kuliscioff, political activist
- Domenico Induno, painter
- Enzo Jannacci, singer-songwriter
- Alberto Lattuada, director
- Emilio Longoni, painter
- Carlo Maciachini, architect
- Cesare Maldini, football player
- Alessandro Manzoni, poet, novelist, considered the founder of modern Italian language; tomb located at the very center of the Famedio
- Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, poet and main founder of the futurist movement
- Giuseppe Meazza, football player and manager
- Alda Merini, poet
- Lina Merlin, politician
- Franco Moschino, fashion designer
- Bruno Munari, artist
- Bob Noorda, graphic designer
- Wanda Osiris, soubrette, actress, singer
- Mario Palanti, architect
- Giovanni Pesce, communist partisan
- Giulietta Pezzi, writer
- Francesco Maria Piave, librettist, poet
- Giò Pomodoro, artist
- Amilcare Ponchielli, composer
- Gio Ponti, architect, industrial designer, artist
- Salvatore Quasimodo, 1959 Nobel prize in Literature
- Franca Rame, political activist, actress
- Medardo Rosso, sculptor
- Piero Sacerdoti, insurer
- Temistocle Solera, poet, opera composer, librettist
- Mario Tiberini and his wife Angiolina Ortolani-Tiberini, opera singers.
- Arturo Toscanini, conductor and cellist
- Giovanni Treccani, publisher
- Filippo Turati, politician
- Leo Valiani, writer, politician
- Adolfo Wildt, sculptor
- Aldo Aniasi, Mayor
- Giulio Belinzaghi, Mayor
- Emilio Caldara, Mayor
- Gino Cassinis, Mayor
- Virgilio Ferrari, Mayor
- Angelo Filippetti, Mayor
- Emanuele Greppi, Mayor
In the media