Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis


Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis is an immune disorder of T cells, it is characterized by chronic infections with Candida that are limited to mucosal surfaces, skin, and nails. It can also be associated with other types of infections, such as human papilloma virus. An association with chromosome 2 has been identified.

Symptoms and signs

The symptoms of this condition are hyperkeratosis, skin ulcer, dyspareunia, endocardium abnormality, vision problems, hepatitis, seizures, hematuria and meningitis.

Cause

In terms of the cause of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis one finds it can be inherited either autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. There are 9 types of this condition with the first CANDF1 being located at 2p22.3-p21.

Mechanism

The mechanism of the human immune system has it normally fighting in an infection. Initially Th17 cells are made by the immune system, which in turn produces interleukin-17. Inflammation is induced and white blood cells confront infection.
Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis mutations affect IL-17 by inhibiting its pathway. This in turn affects the human immune systems ability to fight infection, in total there are 9 possible types of this condition.

Diagnosis

Chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis can be diagnosed in an affected individual via the following methods/tests:

Types

TypeOMIMGeneLocus
CANDF1-2p
CANDF2CARD99q34.3
CANDF3-11
CANDF4CLEC7A12p13.2-p12.3
CANDF5IL17RA22q11
CANDF6IL17F6p12
CANDF7STAT12q32
CANDF8TRAF3IP26q21
CANDF9IL17RC3q25

Treatment

Management for an individual with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis consists of the following :