Child murder or child homicide is the homicide of an individual who is a minor.
Punishment by jurisdiction
United States
In 2008, there were 1,494 child homicides in the United States. Of those killed, 1,035 were male and 452 were female. Several U.S. states have included child murder to their list of aggravating factors that may make a murder punishable by the death penalty, but the victim’s age under which the crime is a capital crime varies between them. In 2011, Texas raised this age from six to ten. Child manslaughter can result in an aggravated charge in some jurisdictions such as the State of Florida.
By other children
In most countries, there are very few cases where children are killed by other young children. According to the U.S. Department of Justice statistics for 1996, one in five murders of children were committed by other children. Several murders by children have gained prominent media exposure. One was the killing on 12 February 1993 of the almost 3-year-old boy James Bulger by two 10-year-old boys in Bootle, Merseyside, UK. He was beaten and stoned before his unconscious body was left on train tracks to give the impression that a train had hit him. Another notable case in the UK occurred in 1968 in Newcastle upon Tyne, when 10-year-old Mary Bell was convicted of manslaughter due to diminished responsibility in the deaths of toddlers Martin Brown and Brian Howe. She was released in 1980 at the age of 23. In 1994, an Israeli taxi driver, Derek Roth, was shot and killed by two 14 years-olds: Moshe Ben-Ivgi and Arbel Aloni while he was driving them. In 1998, 8-year-old Madelyn Clifton was killed by 14-year-old Josh Phillips.
The military use of children refers to children being placed in harm's way in military actions, in order to protect a location or provide propaganda. This is sometimes referred to as child sacrifice, though not equivalent to the religious variety. It may also refer to the use of children as child soldiers or saboteurs. Red Hand Day on February 12th is an annual commemoration day to draw public attention to the practice of using children as soldiers in wars and armed conflicts.
"Muti killings"
is a practice of human sacrifice and mutilation associated with traditional medicinal practices, such as Muti. Victims of muti killings are often children. Organs and/or body parts are usually taken while child is still alive. An unknown child, whose decapitated torso was found in the River Thames in London in 2002 is believed to have been the victim of a muti killing.
