Chevrolet S-10


The Chevrolet S-10 is a compact pickup truck that was produced by Chevrolet. It was the first domestically built compact pickup of the big three American automakers. When it was first introduced as a "quarter-ton pickup" in 1981 for the 1982 model year, the GMC version was known as the S-15 and later renamed the GMC Sonoma. A high-performance version was released in 1991 and given the name of GMC Syclone. The pickup was also sold by Isuzu as the Hombre from 1996 through 2000, but only in North America. There was also an SUV version, the Chevrolet S-10 Blazer/GMC S-15 Jimmy. An electric version was leased as a fleet vehicle in 1997 and 1998. Together, these pickups are often referred to as the S-series.
In North America, the S-series was replaced by the Chevrolet Colorado, GMC Canyon, and Isuzu i-Series in 2004.
The S-Series ended production in Brazil in 2012, being replaced by the Chevrolet Colorado, but still with the name S-10.

First generation (1982–1993)

The first compact truck from the big three automakers was the rebadged Isuzu KB sold since 1972 as the Chevrolet LUV, and Ford quickly responded with the Mazda-built Ford Courier the same year. However, the 1973 Arab oil embargo forced GM to consider designing a domestically produced compact pickup truck. As usual, parts from other GM chassis lines were incorporated. Track width was similar to the former GM H-body subcompacts. The first S-series pickups were introduced in 1981 for the 1982 model year. The base engine was a 1.9 L Isuzu four-cylinder shared with the LUV and Isuzu P'UP, with a 2.8 L V6 as an option. The Chevrolet and GMC models were identical apart from the grille, tailgate and assorted insignia. An extended cab and "Insta-Trac" four-wheel drive were added the next year along with two new engines - a 2.0 L four-cylinder engine from the J-platform automobiles along with an Isuzu 2.2 L four-cylinder diesel engine.
The sport utility S-10 Blazer and S-15 Jimmy debuted for 1983; GM was the first to introduce the compact sport utility, followed by Ford and then Jeep in 1984. Following the popularity of the Jeep Cherokee, 4-door SUV variants were introduced in March 1990 as 1991 models alongside the badge-engineered Oldsmobile Bravada.
New heavy-duty and off-road suspensions appeared in 1984 along with a hydraulic clutch, while the big news for 1985 was the discontinuation of the Cavalier's 2.0 L OHV I4 in favor of Pontiac's 2.5 L "Iron Duke" OHV I4. The OHV-derived 2.2 L diesel engine and 1.9 L SOHC gas engine, both from Isuzu, were gone the next year, leaving just the Iron Duke and updated 2.8 L V6. A much-welcomed 4.3 L V6 was added for 1988, and anti-lock brakes came the next year.
The GMC S-15 became the GMC Sonoma in 1991, and the Sierra trim packages were dropped to avoid confusion with the new GMC Sierra full-size pickup. The GMC Syclone also appeared that year. The Sonoma GT bowed in 1992. Added to this was the 4.3 L V6 Vortec W-code engine. This generation's last year was 1993.

Appearance packages

The S-10 Baja is an optional appearance package that was put on any four-wheel drive S-10 from 1989 to 1991. The Baja was available in three colors: Midnight Black, Apple Red and Frost White. The Baja option also included: a roll bar with off-road lights, front tubular grille guard with fog lights, tubular rear bumper, an underbody shield package, a suspension package, Chevrolet windshield banner, Baja decals on the box sides and one inch wide body striping. Extra cost Baja options included a cargo-net end-gate, aluminum "Outlaw" wheels and a special box-mounted spare tire carrier with aluminum wheel. In 1991 the S10 Bajas came with special "BAJA" embroidered red and grey bucket seats and unique red door panel trim.
The S-10 Cameo and Cameo EL were appearance packages available for the two-wheel drive S-10 between 1989 and 1991. When first introduced in 1989, the Cameo had three color choices; Apple Red, Frost White or Midnight Black. In 1991, two-tone paint schemes were available, as well as additional exterior features such as a wraparound front bumper with fog lamps, lower body ground-effects moldings and wheel flares, a flush-fitting tailgate valance, rear roll pan, and "Cameo" lettering on the doors and tailgate. Other appearance packages included the S-10 Back Country, predecessor to the Baja, the S-10 Top Gun edition, the GMC Sonoma SST, the GMC S-15 Gypsy Magic and GMC Jimmy Magic.

Sonoma GT

The Sonoma GT was a performance package available on the two-wheel drive regular cab short bed Sonoma. A total of 806 were built. The truck was powered by an enhanced Vortec 4.3 L V6. It featured central multi-port fuel injection and produced and of torque. It was equipped with a 4L60 automatic transmission and a limited-slip differential with 3.42:1 gearing.
Modified by Production Automotive Services of Troy, Michigan, it was fitted with the Syclone interior package featuring black cloth bucket seats with red piping, a special gauge package, and a floor shift console.
Sonoma GT color breakdown;
Some 1992 and 1993 Sonomas came with a factory equipped L35 W-code engine. For 1993 no specialty labeling or limited edition tags were known to be used with the W-code engine. Production totals for these vehicles are unknown.

1991 Syclone

The Syclone was a high performance package for the 1991 model year. It came with all wheel drive, 4-wheel anti-lock brakes, a 4.3 L LB4 V6 with lower compression pistons, a turbocharger and water intercooler system, They produced ~280 hp. Production was limited to just 2998 units.

Engines

YearsEnginePowerTorque
1982–19851.9 L LR1 Isuzu I4, 2-barrel at 4600 rpm at 3000 rpm
1983–19842.0 L LQ2 GM 122 I4, 2-barrel at 4600 rpm at 2400 rpm
1984–19852.2 L LQ7 Isuzu Diesel I4 at 4300 rpm at 2200 rpm
1985–19862.5 L LN8 Iron Duke I4, TBI at 4400 rpm at 2800 rpm
1987-19892.5 L LN8 Iron Duke I4, TBI at 4400 rpm at 3200 rpm
19902.5 L LN8 Iron Duke I4, TBI at 4400 rpm at 3200 rpm
1991-19942.5 L L38 Iron Duke I4, TBI at 4800 rpm at 3200 rpm
19822.8 L LR2 60° V6, 2-barrel at 4800 rpm at 2000 rpm
1983-19842.8 L LR2 60° V6, 2-barrel at 4800 rpm at 2100 rpm
19852.8 L LR2 60° V6, 2-barrel at 4800 rpm at 2100 rpm
19862.8 L LL2 60° V6, TBI at 4800 rpm at 2200 rpm
1987-1993/2.8 L LL2 60° V6, TBI at 4800 rpm at 2400 rpm
1988–19924.3 L LB4 90° V6, TBI at 4000 rpm at 2800 rpm
19934.3 L LB4 90° V6, TBI at 4000 rpm at 2400 rpm
1992-19944.3 L L35 90° V6, CPI at 4500 rpm at 3600 rpm

Second generation (1994–2004)

The second-generation trucks arrived for the 1994 model year. All of the special models were discontinued, but the changes to the pickup brought it in line with its major competitor the Ford Ranger. The Iron Duke 4-cylinder and 2.8 L 60° V6 engines were retired, the 4.3 L Vortec V6 was enhanced, and a new 2.2 L 4-cylinder engine became the engines of choice to power the second generation of S-10s. In compliance with the Clean Air Act, all second generation S-10s and Sonomas equipped with air conditioning used CFC-free R134a refrigerant beginning in the 1994 model year. The all new 1994 S-10 didn't offer any airbag, presumably as a temporary measure to economize the introduction of the new body styles, as well as to gradually phase out steering wheel designs that didn't accommodate for airbags, though the vehicle itself was slated for airbag capability.
Many of the chassis components were the same as the first generation, along with the steering knuckle, leaf springs, and differential assembly but suspension and axles were greatly enhanced. Lower A-frames for the two-wheel drive model had 1/4-inch thicker steering stops - the second generation A-frames are commonly used as an upgrade for the first generation. Sport utility models came with thicker front and rear sway bars.
Generally, for the two-wheel drive trucks, the 8.5-inch rear end was only used when it came with both a manual transmission and the L35 W-code V6 engine; it was an option for four-wheel drive trucks with either transmission. This was also the year that GM introduced the ZR2 off-road package.
For 1995, a driver's side air bag was added as well as daytime running lights. In 1996 the 4.3 L engine was refreshed, and a third door was added for extended cab models, along with the sportside bed option. In 1998, the exterior, interior, brakes, and 2.2 L I4 engine were refreshed, along with a "next-generation" supplemental restraint system that added a passenger-side air bag. The SS package was replaced by the "Xtreme" package. In 2001, a crew cab option was added and was only available with four-wheel drive and an automatic transmission. For the 2004 model year, the regular and extended cab models were discontinued; only the crew cab model was retained.
Base two-wheel drive models came with 15 x 6.5-inch wheels with directional vents, Xtreme and ZQ8 models came with 16 x 8-inch wheels while four-wheel drive models used 15 x 7-inch wheels. The wheels used on the first generation were discontinued.

SS

The Chevrolet S-10 SS was a high-performance version of the S-10, introduced in 1994. Fewer than 3,000 SSs were produced yearly on average. When introduced, the SS was only sold in three colors: Onyx Black, Summit White, and Apple Red. The SS was discontinued in 1998 and was replaced by the S-10 Xtreme for the 1999 model year.
A 4.3 L V6 was the standard engine used in the SS, producing between 180 and. The SS included a limited slip differential, lowered suspension, cosmetic changes such as a different grille, body-colored bumpers, 16-inch wheels, and other minor cosmetic differences. All SS versions were regular cabs, Xtremes were available with the "third door" extended cab. A step-side version was available from 1996 to 1998 and until 2003 on the Xtreme.

ZR2

The ZR2 package was an off-road package available for the second generation S-10. The ZR2 package included a wider track width, a boxed ladder-type frame with modified suspension mounting points, larger wheel and axle bearings, 31-inch all-terrain tires, a suspension lift, upgraded Bilstein suspension, fender flares, alloy wheels, and an 8.5-inch Chevrolet 10-bolt rear differential with 3.73:1 gears and an Eaton MLocker.

Isuzu Hombre

In 1996, Isuzu replaced its P'up with a version of the Louisiana-built Chevrolet S-10, the Isuzu Hombre, based on the Brazilian market S-10. The Hombre differed from its GM siblings mostly in the front sheetmetal, with different lights, grille, front bumper and front fenders, which were more flared out. The rear quarter panels were also different, as they had a slight flare over the wheel well to match the front fenders. The Hombre had a much smaller range of equipment options compared to the S-10 and Sonoma; a Spacecab extended cab, V6 engine and four-wheel drive were added for 1997 and available until 1998.
Two trim levels were offered: the base S and the uplevel XS. The XS had features like a cassette tape deck, higher-grade interior fabric, a tachometer, sliding rear window, and a split 60/40 seatback. Hombres were equipped with the Chevrolet S-series 15 x 7 steel wheels - the Hombre wheels were painted black since a majority were equipped with wheel covers with the Isuzu logo. Hombres were also available with the S-10's aluminum wheels with Isuzu center caps.
Slow sales resulted in production ending in 2000. It would be another six years before Isuzu re-entered the pick-up market with the i-Series, which formed the basis for the S-10's successor, the Colorado.

Engines

YearsEnginePowerTorqueVIN letter
1994–2000, 20032.2 L Vortec 2200 I4 @ 5200 RPM @ 2800 RPM4
2000-20022.2 L Vortec 2200 I4 @ 5000 RPM @ 3600 RPM5
19944.3 L 90° V-6, TBI @ 4000 RPM @ 2400 RPMZ
19954.3 L 90° V-6, TBI @ 4000 RPM @ 2400 RPMZ
19944.3 L Vortec 4300 V-6, SCPI @ 4500 rpm @ 3600 rpmW
19954.3 L Vortec 4300 V-6, SCPI @ 4500 rpm @ 3400 rpmW
1996-2002 w/ 2WD4.3 L Vortec 4300 V-6, SCPI @ 4400 RPM @ 2800 RPMW
1996-2002 w/ 4WD4.3 L Vortec 4300 V-6, SCPI @ 4400 RPM @ 2800 RPMW
1996-1999 w/ 2WD4.3 L Vortec 4300 V-6, MPFI @ 4400 RPM @ 2800 RPMX
1996-1999 w/ 4WD4.3 L Vortec 4300 V-6, MPFI @ 4400 RPM @ 2800 RPMX
2003 w/ 2WD4.3 L Vortec 4300 V-6, MPFI @ 4400 RPM @ 2800 RPMX
2003-2004 w/ 4WD4.3 L Vortec 4300 V-6, MPFI @ 5400 RPM @ 2800 RPMX

Third generation (2012–present)

Although the North American version of the S-series was discontinued in 2004, the second generation S-10 was still being built in Brazil until 2012, when it was replaced by a Brazilian-built version of the Chevrolet Colorado called the S-10.
In Brazil, until 2014, the third generation S-10 offered a 2.4 L 147 hp Flexpower flex-fuel engine or a 2.8 L 180 hp Duramax diesel engine. For 2015 models, the diesel engine was refreshed, resulting in an increased power output of 200 hp. The flex-fuel engine had an upgrade for some versions and offered 206 hp with a 2.5 L LCV Ecotec with direct fuel injection. Also, for the first time in Brazil, Chevrolet offered the flex-fuel S-10 with four-wheel drive.
For the 2017 model, the S-10 received a facelift and the flex-fuel 2.4 L engine was dropped, with the remaining engine choices being unchanged. For 2018, the flex-fuel S-10 now offers an automatic transmission, currently the market trend on these vehicles in Brazil.
A right-hand-drive version of the 2017+ facelifted model is built at the GM Thailand plant and sold in Australia and New Zealand as the current-model Holden Colorado.