He was born in Nonant and entered the studio of Jean-Baptiste Regnault, where he made a lifelong friendship with Robert Lefèvre. He and won the first prize of the Academy in 1792, for study at the French Academy in Rome, where he stayed for five years. After his return from Italy, in the disturbed patronage conditions of the French Revolution, he seems to have abandoned painting and turned to writing, although he began to exhibit in 1795, and continued to do so at various intervals up to 1814. He exhibited three pictures at the Louvre: the Mother's Lesson, the Bath of Paul and Virginia and Daedalus and Icarus. A portrait from this period was purchased in 2003 for the Museum of Grenoble. .
His Leda won an award of merit in 1801, and is now in the château de Fontainebleau since 1932 deposit by the Louvre. *
His Mother's Lesson was the subject of a popular engraving.
Paul and Virginia Bathing, his Sleep of Achilles and Daedalus and Icarus are all at the Musée des Beaux-Arts et de la Dentelle, Alençon.
It is chiefly for his writing on the arts that he made a reputation, however. He published nearly one hundred volumes during his lifetime. Landon was among the collaborators of the influential Journal des arts, des sciences et de la littérature. He was also a part-owner of the Gazette de France, where the extended accounts of annual Paris Salons were published. He was a paintings conservator at the Louvre, a corresponding member of the Institut and painter to Charles Ferdinand, duc de Berry, whose widow's paintings gallery he catalogued. His major, on-going work comprised the Annales du musée et de l'école moderne des beaux-arts, published between 1808 and 1835 and running to 33 volumes. It forms a comprehensive resource on European art and artists prior to the 19th century. However it is far from perfect. The work has been criticised for containing many careless biographical mistakes and lacking critical accuracy. An example of his popular works that has been recently reprinted was Numismatique du voyage du jeune Anacharsis, ou Médailles des beaux temps de la Grèce which was accompanied by an essay on connoisseurship of medals by Théophile Marion Dumersan and dedicated to Louis XVIII, 1823. Anacharsis had recently been established in the popular imagination in a historical novel, while coins were among the few antiquities that the middle class might aspire to own. Landon also published
Vie et œuvres des peintres les plus célèbres de toutes les écoles..., in 22 volumes
An Historical Description of Paris, 2 volumes
Description of London, with 42 plates
He also produced descriptions of the Palais du Luxembourg and its contents, of the Giustiniani collection. Landon died at Paris in 1826.
