Carole LaBonne is a Developmental and Stem CellBiologist at Northwestern University. She is the Erastus O. Haven Professor of Life Sciences, and Chair of the Department of Molecular Biosciences.
Education and early career
LaBonne received her Bachelor Degree from the University of Rochester in 1989, doing research with Dr. Sayeeda Zain on the molecular basis of Alzheimer's disease. Inspired by the work of famed embryologist and Rochester emeritus professor Johannes Holtfreter, LaBonne pursued doctoral work at Harvard University studying germ layer formation using Xenopus as a model. As a National Science Foundation pre-doctoral Fellow working with Malcolm Whitman, LaBonne characterized the role of FGF signaling in formation of the mesendoderm. During her doctoral career, LaBonne discovered that activin-mediated mesoderm induction required FGF signaling and elucidated the role of RAS-Map Kinase signaling in this process. Following her graduate work, LaBonne pursued Post-Doctoral work at the California Institute of Technology as an American Cancer Society Fellow working with Marianne Bronner on the molecular mechanisms underlying the early development of neural crest cells. She showed that formation of neural crest cells, a stem cell population unique to vertebrates, required both attenuation of endogenous BMP signaling and active Wnt signaling, and further showed that up regulation of the zinc-finger transcriptional repressor SNAI2 could bypass the need for BMP inhibition. In subsequent work she demonstrated that Snail-family proteins are required for both establishing the neural crest stem cell state and for the migratory and invasive behavior of neural crest cells, a role these factors also play in metastasizingtumor cells.
Research and career
LaBonne started her independent laboratory at Northwestern University in 2001 in the department of Molecular Biosciences. She became a tenured associate professor in 2007, and a full professor in 2012. She was appointed the Erastus O. Haven Professor of Life Sciences in 2017. LaBonne has served as co-leader of the Tumor Environment and Metastasis Program in Northwestern’s Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center since 2005. She served as director of Northwestern’s Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences PhD program from 2009-2017. She currently serves as co-director of the NCI funded Oncogenesis and Developmental Biology Training Program, and as Director of Northwestern’s training cluster in Developmental, Systems and Stem Cell Biology. She was appointed Chair of the Department of Molecular Biosciences in 2017. Research in the LaBonne laboratory was the first to link Myc to the acquisition of stem cell attributes, and demonstrated that Myc plays a central role in neural crest ontogeny, several years prior to the initial report of the Yamanaka factors. This work proposed that Myc plays this key role in many stem cell populations, and more recent work by others has shown this to be the case. LaBonne’s group subsequently demonstrated that Id3 was a key Myc target in maintaining neural crest potency. The growing realization of the commonalities between pluripotent blastula inner cell mass cells/embryonic stem cells and neural crest cells led LaBonne’s group to proposed a new model in which neural crest cells arose via retention of the regulatory network controlling pluripotency in blastula cells and showed that neural crest cells possess a previously unrecognized capacity to form endoderm. This pioneering work created a new framework for studying these developmentally and clinically important cells. The LaBonne lab also demonstrated a role for FGF signaling in the retention of pluripotency underling neural crest genesis, and discovered that a novel switching of effector pathways, from Map Kinase to PI3 Kinase, controls the transit from pluripotency to lineage restriction. Recent work in the LaBonne lab has focused on the epigenetic control of pluripotency in naïve blastula cells, including a central role for HDAC activity in both maintaining blastula pluripotentcy and establishment of the neural crest stem cell population.
