Buxar


Buxar is a nagar parishad city in the state of Bihar, India bordering eastern Uttar Pradesh. It is the headquarters of the eponymous Buxar district, as well as the headquarters of the community development block of Buxar, which also contains the census town of Sarimpur along with 132 rural villages. It's also popular as Mini Kashi. Buxar is also called the city of Maharishi Vishwamitra and the site of education of Lord Ram. This city has had a great religious cultural and historical significance since time immemorial. In modern times, the historic Battle of Chausa and Battle of Buxar were fought in the vicinity. Buxar Railway Station lies on Patna–Mughalsarai section of Howrah–Delhi main line. It is approximately 125 km from the state capital of Patna. The local language of Buxar is Bhojpuri.

History

A detailed description of Buxar can be found in numerous Hindu scriptures such as the Vedas, the Puranas, the YogVashishtha, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, and countless other sources. It was a place which was the abode of celestial sages and rishis, it was a forest full of beautiful flowers, fruit-laden trees, priceless medicinal herbs, ponds, lakes, hermitages & monasteries besides a huge variety of animals in its forests. It is said that approximately 80000 sages lived here, in their ashrams where they regularly performed vedic rituals, yagnas and scientific experiments. This place known as Siddhashram in former times was blessed by those sages. The great celestial sage Vishvamitra had also resided in this pious land to perform his rituals to complete his spiritual practice; that's why Buxar was a centre of India's sage culture, spirituality, occult practices as well as profound ancient sciences as well as being famous as the "tapobhumi" of sage Vishvamitra.
Long time back Lord Vaman, who was the 5th and first human incarnation of the supreme Lord Vishnu took birth on the pious banks of the of River Ganga in Siddhashram and later went on to vanquish the asura king Mahabali as the asuras had started terrorizing the world and crimes & sins were being committed by them on a mass scale.
In the Ramayan period, Siddhashram was the site of rituals for Sage Vishvamitra who along with many other sages use to perform vedic yagnas and scientific research. Their experiments were regularly disturbed by asuras and demons living in the jungle. So Sage Vishvamitra decided to take the help of Prince Ram and his brother Lakshman, the Princes of Kosal, the sage gave the princes his knowledge of divine and celestial weapons besides giving them much important knowledge. These weapons were later on used by Ram to defeat the asura Ravan and achieve the purpose of his life Thus it was Buxar, where an enlightened Ram's magnificent personality erupted, the sage's grace awakened their immeasurable power and the world came to know that he was indeed an incarnation of god. Ram also used this knowledge to fight and kill the dreaded asuras viz Tadaka and her sons Mareech and Subahu who used to disturb the rishis in their rituals.
The Buxar Fort situated in Charitravan, Buxar is a medieval fortress on the banks of river Ganga, built by King Rudradev of the Parmar Dynasty in A.D. 1054 on the same spot where Sage Vishvamitra's ashram was located and the place where Ram slayed Tadaka. The Fort was abandoned but later on it was repaired by King Bhojdev and was used by subsequent rulers of the Parmar Dynasty.
The historic Battle of Chausa fought on the battlefield of Chausa, situated 10 miles southwest of Buxar city was a notable military engagement on 26 June 1539 between the forces of the Afghan king Sher Shah Suri and Mughal Emperor Humayun in which the latter was badly defeated by the Afghan king.
Battle of Buxar was fought on 22 October 1764, between the forces under the command of the British East India Company, led by Hector Munro, and the combined armies of Mir Qasim, the Nawab of Bengal, Nawab of Awadh Shuja-ud-Daulah and Mughal Emperor Shah Alam II. It was a decisive victory for the British East India Company as the combined forces of the Indian kings were ultimately routed by the British forces eventually leading to the beginning of the East India Company's consolidation and stronghold over Indian politics and conquest of the Indian subcontinent.

Demography

India census, Buxar had a population of 102,861. Males constitute 52.65% of the population and females 47.35%. 16% of the population is under 6 years of age.
The 2011 census recorded the city of Buxar as having a literacy rate of 83.82%, with an 11.24% gap between male literacy and female literacy. The whole of Buxar district had a literacy rate of 70.14%, with Buxar block had a literacy rate of 77.45%, the highest in the district.

Geography

Buxar district occupies an area of 1,703 square kilometres.

Economy

Buxar is an important regional commercial and trade hub, with connections via road and rail along with river transport on the Ganges. Along with Dumraon, Buxar is one of the main centres for trade and industry in the district. Soap and furniture are manufactured in both cities. Major exports from Buxar include rice, paddy, gur, mango, vegetables, fish, and jail-related manufactured goods. Major imports include engineering goods and medicine.

Villages

In addition to the urban settlements of Buxar and Sarimpur, Buxar block encompasses 132 villages. Of these, 97 are inhabited and 35 are uninhabited:
Village nameTotal land area Population
Karhansi7644,248
Gohuwana24.70
Milki89.80
Lalsagar170
Mathia48.1756
Ijrisiram215.72,312
Pirtampur88.20
Ijribudhan81.7379
Karhansi2372,159
Rakasi Chak279.32,259
Kudratipur45.5642
Jarigawan115.71,408
Larai46.6445
Dubauli36.80
Korarwa34.4478
Haripur101.71,490
Gobindapur26.71,430
Umarpur52.715
Misraulia1041,783
Kamhariya80.6907
Kamarpur253.83,074
Laropur13.30
Kiratpura64.7865
Lachhmipur58.83,341
Baluwa80.22,275
Belahi39.6864
Jagdishpur280
Puliya98.4822
Chhotka Nuawan127.42,034
Dubauli46.6242
Gopnuawan81.4624
Barka Nuawan122.61,511
Parmanandpur27.10
Thora66.81,339
Thoragangbarar22.30
Bibiganj68.41,370
Panrepatti521.610,745
Misraulia183.72,901
Mathia Gurdas48.8747
Lalganj123.92,083
Betwa820
Manauwar Chak41.3595
Jaso227.14,817
Sohani Patti75.33,770
Niranjanpur192,406
Ahirauli312.46,496
Katkaulia20.6310
Nadaon468.65,858
Sondhila259.82,432
Panditpur88.51,049
Jagdishpur285.75,142
Kulhariya377.63,242
Karhansi2702,833
Parasiya82.21,050
Patelawa40350
Shiupur39.70
Suratpur480
Harkishunpur35.61,383
Dalsagar1384,545
Gogaura80.91,594
Tarapur15.8121
Sahupara31.61,291
Parari149.41,372
Churamanpur2454,277
Darappur73948
Arjunpur1974,599
Sherpur72998
Balapur67.2642
Dungurpur18.70
Tiwaripur22.7865
Dubauli21.129
Gharaipur28.70
Dahiwar106.92,145
Garani52.7813
Majharia4952,302
Simra1769
Khutaha146.44,188
Dudhar Chak20.6196
Kharanti49.8316
Ramubariya64.71,032
Shankarpur17.80
Paharpur24.865
Bishunpura24.30
Usrauliya370
Balua300
Panrepur29.81,163
Upadhyapur21.1905
Kamkarahi8.80
Jagdara491,195
Gobindpur320
Ganauli660
Parari52.8714
Nat39.81,615
Umarpur Diara153.41,513
Mungraul26.6225
Padumpur49.418
Misrauliya622,876
Rampur21169
Bhosrampur20.60
Sonbarsa123.83,069
Desarbuzurg73440
Ammadarhi45.3861
Kharka9670
Marwa62337
Jatmahi130
Narayanpur25.90
Dumariya9.90
Kothia237.61,577
Balua380
Belaur118.61,637
Marautiya101.20
Khadra122.20
Baruna779.86,694
Basauli8923,902
Boksa639.85,580
Mahdah1,443.19,344
Lachhmanpur35.6224
Bhabhuar Milki23.10
Bhabhuar110.81,007
Nuaon71.6953
Ramdiha83.7617
Nidhua1991,411
Pipra42.40
Panditpur59.1285
Rahua29.70
Sagrampur60.2788
Karauniyan6648
Babhani1081,383
Majhani Naubarar 3690
Umarpur Naubarar 700
Umarpur Diara 00
UmarpurJot MisranBarkaGaon95.40

The total population of these villages is 180,308, in 27,985 households.

Notable People