Boyle temperature
The Boyle temperature is formally defined as the temperature for which the second virial coefficient, becomes zero.
It is at this temperature that the attractive forces and the repulsive forces acting on the gas particles balance out
This is the virial equation of state and describes a real gas.
Since higher order virial coefficients are generally much smaller than the second coefficient, the gas tends to behave as an ideal gas over a wider range of pressures when the temperature reaches the Boyle temperature.
In any case, when the pressures are low, the second virial coefficient will be the only relevant one because the remaining concern terms of higher order on the pressure. Also at Boyle temperature the dip in a PV diagram tends to a straight line over a period of pressure. We then have
where is the compressibility factor.
For negligible, using the van der Waals equation, one can prove.
