Te'o signed with the Brisbane Broncos for the 2009 season. He made his debut for the Broncos at Second Row in Round 1 against the North Queensland Cowboys Te'o played 18 games and scored 4 tries in his first year for the Broncos in 2009. In May 2010, he was named in the Queensland Maroons squad to play against the Blues. Te'o pledged his allegiance to the Australia and the Maroons being named as the 18th man for Game 1. It was announced on 5 June 2010, that Te'o had signed a contract extension which would see him remain at the Broncos until the end of the 2012 season. On 2 May 2012, it was announced Te'o had agreed to terms with the South Sydney Rabbitohs up until the end of the 2015 NRL season. Later that year, he was selected to make Origin debut for the Maroons in game 3.
South Sydney Rabbitohs
Te’o joined the Rabbitohs in 2013. Te’o represented Queensland and was selected in the Australian squad in 2012. Keen to establish himself as a starting forward in the Rabbitohs pack in 2013. Te'o played all three games of the 2013 State of Origin series from the interchange bench, helping Queensland extend their record for consecutive series victories to eight. In the 2014 pre-season Te'o played for the Rabbitohs in the 2014 NRL Auckland Nines tournament. He played from the interchange bench in all three games of the 2014 State of Origin series, which Queensland lost. Te'o scored a crucial try against the Sydney Roosters in the semi final of the 2014 NRL finals series, upon returning from suspension for a chicken wing tackle on Sam Thaiday. On 4 June 2014, Te'o announced that he would be leaving the Rabbitohs at the end of the season. Te'o played in the Rabbitohs premiership winning side in the 2014 NRL Grand Final.
Brisbane Broncos (second stint)
On 4 June 2020, Te'o returned to the Brisbane Broncos, signing with the club for the rest the 2020 season.
On 12 August 2014, Leinster announced Te'o had signed to play for them after the end of the 2014 NRL season. Te'o broke his arm within the first twenty minutes of his Leinster professional debut. After only three weeks he was named in the starting squad for Leinster after coach Matt O'Connor described him as an outstanding athlete.
In 2020, Te'o signed with Japanese Super Rugby club the Sunwolves. He left the club after the cancellation of the 2020 Super Rugby season.
International
In May 2016 Te'o was called up by England coach Eddie Jones for the tour of Australia. He scored his first England try after coming on as a replacement against France on 4 February 2017. He made his international starting debut on 26 February 2017, against Italy during the six nations. Te'o played in the 2017 Lions Tour to New Zealand. He started the 1st test at inside centre. Te'o returned from injury to start his second test for England against Italy in the opening round of the Six Nations and went on to feature in all of England's 2018 Six Nations matches.
In 2013, Te'o was cleared of assault after an altercation at a home in Brisbane. He claimed a woman attacked him with a stiletto and he acted in self-defence. The woman was left unconscious.