The Battle of Graveney Marsh, on the night of 27 September 1940 in Kent, England, was the last ground engagement involving a foreign force to take place on the mainland of Great Britain. The fighting took place between the crew of a shot-down German Junkers Ju 88A-1 bomber from KG 77 and a detachment of soldiers from the 1st Battalion, London Irish Rifles in Seasalter. The Ju 88, W.Nr 088 8099, 3Z+EL, and nicknamed Eule by its crew, had only entered service two weeks earlier. It was crewed by Unteroffizier Fritz Ruhlandt, Feldwebel Gotthard Richter ; Uffz Erwin Richter ; and Flieger Jakob Reiner. RAF fighter pilots, from 66 Squadron and 92 Squadron, had attacked the Ju 88 over Faversham. Previously, fighter pilots had been ordered to, when possible, force German bomber crews to land or crash land, so that they and their aircraft could be captured intact, for intelligence purposes. On this occasion, one of the bomber's engines had already been damaged by anti-aircraft fire during a raid on London and, after the fighter pilots were able to destroy its remaining engine, Ruhlandt made a crash landing on Graveney Marsh. The entire crew survived the crash. When members of 1 LIR, billeted nearby at the Sportsman Inn in Seasalter, arrived at the crash site, the four German aviators were attempting to destroy classified equipment on board the aircraft, According to some accounts, the Germans had armed themselves with machine guns previously fitted to the Ju 88 and a sub-machine gun. The British opened fire and one of the Germans was hit in the foot. The crew then surrendered and were taken prisoner. The RAF Historical Branch later stated that “some sort of fight took place, but it is far from clear that the crew fired at anything but their own aircraft.” After one of the Germans indicated that the aircraft might explode at any moment, Captain John Cantopher located an object –which he described as a "black box" – and threw it away from the aircraft into a drainage ditch. Historian Don Hollway suggests that the object may have been the sealed housing of a BZA computer bombsight computer, and its finding was unpublicised by the Ministry of Defence, to prevent German commanders from knowing that it had been captured. The prisoners were taken to the Sportsman Inn and given pints of beer. The bomber was captured for examination by British experts. The aircraft was taken to Farnborough Airfield where it was said to have "provided highly valuable information". Cantopher was subsequently awarded the George Medal for his action. In September 2010, the London Irish Rifles Regimental Association marked its 70th anniversary by unveiling a commemorative plaque at the Sportsman pub.
