Peyton was born near Gallatin, Tennessee on November 6, 1803. After his preparatory studies, he studied law, was admitted to the bar, and commenced practicing in Gallatin in 1824. He married Anne Alexander Smith.
Career
Elected as a Jacksonian to the Twenty-third Congress and re-elected as a Hugh Lawson WhiteAnti-Jacksonian supporter to the Twenty-fourth Congress, Peyton served from March 4, 1833 to March 3, 1837. Peyton moved to New Orleans in 1841, having been appointed the U.S. Attorney for the District of Louisiana, a position he held for four years from 1841 to 1845. Family life for Peyton was shattered by the fatal illness of his thirty-four-year-old wife in New Orleans in 1845. Two years later, his youngest daughter, “Nan,” died at age seven when thrown from her pony. His oldest child and daughter, Emily, cared for her father from the time her mother died until Balie’s death. She never married. Nationally known for the fine racehorses bred on his farm, Peyton had promoted and staged the Peyton Stake, a futurity race for colts and fillies dropped in the spring of 1839. Held at Nashville in 1843, the race attracted international attention because the purse was the largest that had ever been offered in America or Europe. Peyton then served as an aide-de-camp on the staff of General William J. Worth during the Mexican–American War. Peyton was appointed as Envoy to Chile by President Zachary Taylor, from August 9, 1849 to September 14, 1853, when he resigned. He moved to California, where he was the Prosecuting Attorney for San Francisco from 1853 to 1859. Returning to Gallatin in 1859 and practicing law, Peyton resided on his Station Camp Creek farm. One of his first visits to Nashville in 1862 was to the Louisville and Nashville Railroad Station to receive the mortal remains of his son, Balie Jr., a Confederate infantry officer killed in the Battle of Mill Springs in Kentucky. He was a presidential elector on the Constitutional Union ticket of John Bell and Edward Everett in 1860. In 1866, he was an unsuccessful candidate to the Fortieth Congress. He was a member of the Tennessee Senate between 1869 and 1871.
Death
Peyton again resumed practicing law before dying on his farm near Gallatin on August 18, 1878. He is interred at the family burying ground on his estate. He was the brother of U.S. Representative Joseph Hopkins Peyton.
