The town is situated on the Leniwa Obra creek, about northeast of Sulechów and about west of Poznań. Though located in Lubusz Voivodeship, Babimost is part of the Greater Poland historic region.
History
The settlement probably arose about 1000 AD around a castellany located at a crossing through the swampy Leniwa Obra river. The estates were held by the Pomeranian Swienca family until 1307; together with nearby Sulechów, they were acquired by Margrave Waldemar of Brandenburg in 1319, who nevertheless died in the same year. By 1329, they were held by the Silesian duke Henry IV the Faithful, then a Bohemian vassal. Finally incorporated into the Polish Poznań Voivodeship in 1332, Babimost received town privileges according to Magdeburg Law by King Władysław II Jagiełło in 1397. It was a royal town of Poland. King Sigismund the Old confirmed the city rights in 1530. After the Protestant Reformation, the population increased due to the influx of religious refugees from Silesia. In the mid-17th century, the starost of Babimost was Krzysztof Żegocki, who during the Swedish invasion of Poland was the first to organize a guerrilla unit to fight the invading forces and became famous in the battles of Kościan and Jasna Góra, thus earning the title of the "First Partisan of the Commonwealth". During the war, which was part of the Second Northern War, Babimost was devastated by Swedish troops in 1656. The reconstruction of a synagogue is documented around 1700, a Protestant church was erected in 1782. The inhabitants were mainly shoe manufacturers, linen producers and hop and wine producers. Upon the Second Partition of Poland in 1793, the town fell to Prussia. In 1807, it was regained by Poles as part of the short-lived Duchy of Warsaw. At the Congress of Vienna in 1815, it again passed to Prussia, and was incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Posen. Prussians conducted a policy of Germanisation towards the local population. German was introduced in Polish schools, German colonists were settled to change the ethnic composition. Between 1818 and 1938 it was part of the Bomst district within the Prussian Regierungsbezirk Posen, though the administrative seat was at Wollstein. When the town became part of the German Empire in 1871, it had 2272 inhabitants, of whom 1042 were Catholics, 1070 were Protestants and 160 Jewish. Despite attempts at Germanisation, Poles founded new organizations in the town, including an agricultural association, People's Bank and the Catholic Association of Polish Youth. After Poland regained independence in 1918, Poles from the town and the surrounding area actively joined the Greater Poland Uprising to rejoin the area with Poland. On January 24, 1919, the insurgents captured Babimost, but under the Treaty of Versailles the town remained within Germany. In the interwar period, the town lay on the border with the Second Polish Republic; remaining with the German province of Posen-West Prussia and from 1938 to 1945 as part of the Province of Brandenburg, while up to a third of its residents were Poles. Attempts at Germanisation intensified, in response Poles set up private schools, gathered in theater groups and choirs, Polish press was spreading, and Polish organizations were active. In 1939, 1950 inhabitants were registered as citizens of the town, of whom 600 were ethnic Polish. During the German invasion of Poland, in September 1939, the Germans arrested several regional Polish activists, who were then deported to Nazi concentration camps, and later also expelled several Polish families from the county. After the Vistula–Oder Offensive of the Red Army in the late days of World War II, large parts of the town lay in ruins. In 1945, Babimost was reintegrated with Poland and its German population was expelled by the local administration.
