The BMWM10 is an SOHC four-cylinder petrol engine which was produced from 1962-1988. It was BMW's first four-cylinder engine since the BMW 309 ended production in 1936 and was introduced in the New Class sedans. Over 3.5 million M10 engines were produced during the M10's 26 year production run, and it was used in many BMW models. The turbocharged BMW M12 engine— used in the Formula One racing— was based on the M10 engine block and produced up to in qualifying trim. Following the introduction of the BMW M40 engine in 1987, the M10 began to be phased out.
Development
Baron Alex von Falkenhausen— an engineer and racing driver— designed the M10. In the late 1950s, he was asked to design an engine with a displacement of, however he felt that this would be insufficient for the company's future needs. Therefore, he convinced BMW that the capacity should be instead and he designed a block that could be expanded to in the future.
Design
The M10 has a forged crankshaft, counterbalance weights, five main bearings and a chain-driven camshaft. The block is made from cast iron and the head is made from aluminium. The initial version of the M10 had a bore of and a stroke of, resulting in a displacement of. It had hemispherical combustion chambers, an aluminum alloy head and two valves per cylinder. The peakpower rating was.
Naming conventions
The engine was initially known as the "M115". Over the years, variants of the engine were given various codes. In 1975, the engine became known as then "M10", then in 1980 it was given the standardised BMW engine code of M10B18. The M115 and all related engines have become retroactively known as the "M10" family.
Versions
1499 cc engines
The M115 version has a displacement of and produces. It has a bore of and a stroke of. Lower power models have a compression ratio of 8.0:1, while higher power models have a compressions ratio of 8.8:1. Fuel is supplied via a Solex38 PDSI carburettor. Applications:
The M116 version has a displacement of and produces. It has a bore of and a stroke of. The standard specification has a compression ratio of 8.6:1 and uses a Solex 38 PDSI carburettor. The 1600 ti version has a compression ratio of 9.5:1 and uses twin Solex 40 PHH carburettors. Applications:
The M17 version produces. It has compression ratio of 9.0:1 and uses either a Stromberg 175 CDET or a Solex 4A1 carburettor. Applications:
1972-1977 E12 520
The M43/1 version has a compression ratio of 8.1:1 and produces. Applications:
1975-1979 E21 320— Solex 32-32 DIDTA carburettor
1975-1979 E21 320i— USA only, Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection
The M64 version produces. It has a compression ratio of 9.3:1 and uses Bosch K-Jetronic mechanical fuel injection. Applications:
1975-1978 E21 320i
1975-1979 E12 520i
The M31 version uses a KKK turbocharger and produces. It has a compression ratio of 6.9:1 and uses Kugelfischer P04 mechanical fuel injection with a sliding throttle plate. Applications:
The highly successful M12 turbocharged motorsport engine was based on the M10 engine block. The S14 engine used in the E30 M3 was based on the M10 block.