Avondale is a city in Maricopa County, Arizona, United States, adjacent to Phoenix. According to the 2019 U.S. Census estimates, the population of the city is 87,931. Avondale, incorporated in 1946, experienced rapid residential and commercial growth in the years since 1980. Once primarily a sparsely populated farming community with many acres of alfalfa and cotton fields, Avondale has transformed into a major bedroom suburb for Phoenix. Several major residential subdivisions and shopping centers have recently been built on former farmland, many adjacent to Interstate 10. Phoenix Children's Hospital has a satellite facility, at the corner of Avondale Boulevard and McDowell Road.
Geography
Avondale is located at . According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of, of which, of it is land and of it is water.
Demographics
Avondale first appeared on the 1920 U.S. Census as the 45th Precinct of Maricopa County. In 1930, it simply appeared as the Coldwater Precinct. It was recorded as having a Spanish/Hispanic majority for that census. With the combination of all county precincts into 3 districts in 1940, it did not report on that census. In 1946, it was incorporated as the town of Avondale, and has appeared on every census since 1950. In 1959, it upgraded to a city. As of the census of 2000, there were 35,883 people, 10,640 households, and 8,724 families residing in the city. The population density was 869.7 people per square mile. There were 11,419 housing units at an average density of 276.8 per square mile. The racial makeup of the city was 63.27% White, 5.20% Black or African American, 1.28% Native American, 1.89% Asian, 0.14% Pacific Islander, 24.32% from other races, and 3.89% from two or more races. 46.23% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race. There were 10,640 households, out of which 47.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 62.9% were married couples living together, 12.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 18.0% were non-families. 12.9% of all households were made up of individuals, and 3.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age. The average household size was 3.36 and the average family size was 3.66. In the city, the population was spread out, with 34.2% under the age of 18, 9.7% from 18 to 24, 33.1% from 25 to 44, 17.7% from 45 to 64, and 5.3% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 29 years. For every 100 females, there were 102.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 101.1 males. The median income for a household in the city was $49,153, and the median income for a family was $51,084. Males had a median income of $35,134 versus $27,487 for females. The per capita income for the city was $16,919. About 10.3% of families and 13.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 17.2% of those under age 18 and 16.7% of those age 65 or over. In 2010 Avondale had a population of 78,256. The racial and ethnic composition of the population was 50.3% Hispanic or Latino, 34.0% non-Hispanic white, 9.3% black or African American, 1.7% Native American, 3.5% Asian, 0.4% Pacific Islander, 0.2% non-Hispanic of some other race and 4.5% reporting two or more races.
Avondale has a large amount of sunshine year round due to its stable descending air and high pressure. According to the Köppen Climate Classification system, the city has a Hot desert climate, abbreviated "Bwh" on climate maps. Winters are sunny and mild with nighttime lows averaging between and 50 °F and daytime highs ranging from to 75 °F. The record low temperature recorded in Avondale is 16 °F. Summers are extremely hot, with daily high temperatures at or above 100 °F for the entirety of June, July, and August, as well as many days in May and September. An occasional heat wave will spike temperatures over 115 °F briefly. Nighttime lows in the summer months average between and 80 °F, with an occasional overnight low above 80 °F not uncommon. Avondale's record high temperature stands at an impressive 125 °F, a few degrees warmer than the record for Phoenix, and just shy of Arizona's state record of 128 °F, recorded in Lake Havasu City on June 29, 1994. Snow is rare in the area, occurring once every several years. Lows in the winter occasionally dip below freezing, which may damage some desert plants such as saguaros and other cacti. In the summer, the North American Monsoon can hit the Phoenix area in the afternoon and evening, causing rain showers even from a sunny morning. Dust storms are occasional, mainly during the summer.
The surveying marker of the Gila and Salt River Meridan is located on Monument Hill. Ever since 1851, this has been the center point used by the state to measure the land in Arizona. The federal government recognized this point for measuring the boundary between the United States and Mexico after the Mexican–American War ended. The first survey conducted in 1867, involved the first 36 miles of Arizona. Up until 1874, this was the epicenter of all surveying in Arizona for property deeds. It was listed in the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 2002, Reference #02001137. Monument Hill is located at 115th Avenue and Baseline Road in Avondale.
