Andean Spanish

Phonology

• In Andean Spanish, the is never aspirated in the final position and so is pronounced, not, but it is sometimes pronounced apical, rather than laminal, a trait characteristic of Northern Spain. The apical sound is sometimes perceived as transitional between and, and it is associated with a large number of northern Spanish settlers in Andean region. In southern Bolivia and northern Chile, syllable-final /s/ is mostly aspirated.
• As in all American dialects of Spanish, Andean Spanish has seseo. Thus, casa and caza are homophones. However, in Cusco Region, many speakers realize as in some words, particularly in once, doce, trece. Seseo is common to all of America, the Canary Islands, and several areas in southern Spain.
• Especially in the Ecuadorian variant, coda is often voiced to before a vowel or before a voiced consonant, but the latter is also a feature of most other Spanish dialects. In the Peruvian variant, it is palatalized before.
• In Bolivia, Ecuador, and southern Peru, and do not merge.
• Often the vowels and or and are merged because of the influence of the trivocal system of Quechua and Aymara.
• and are assibilated to and, respectively.
• is velar rather than glottal.
• is realised as bilabial, the same one that adds an epenthetic is often confused with.
• Emphasis is given to the consonants but the vowels are weakened, especially for unstressed syllables.
• Stress is or tends to be penultimate.

  Influence on nearby areas