The A307 road runs through SW London and NW Surrey. It is primary at the north-east end; the remainder is non-primary, generally superseded in the mid-twentieth century in two stages by newer alignments of the Portsmouth Road, the Kingston bypass and Esher bypass of the A3, which runs along a slightly oblique axis.
The road begins at the junction with the A205 South Circular Road beside Kew Green, where it is named Kew Road. It then runs towards Richmond upon Thames through the west of Kew. At the junction with the A316 in Richmond it becomes a non-primary A-road through the town centre then heads through Petersham where for fewer than 100 metres it kinks west and then travels south through Ham. A B-class road, the B353, leaves the A307 in Kew and runs around the town centre and up Richmond Hill and by-passing Richmond, before rejoining the A307 at Petersham.
It bisects the north of the town, before becoming the western half of the one-way system in Kingston upon Thames. Here it is briefly merged with the A308. It leads south to the northern end of the A240, for 200m travels west to the River Thames, and resuming south becomes at last the old version of the Portsmouth Road. It runs next to the River Thames, heading through Surbiton. It passes a junction with the A243, shortly before exiting the borough at Seething Wells there next to Long Ditton.
The road now follows an almost straight south-west course. It passes through Hinchley Wood, crossing the A309 at the Scilly Isles roundabout. It forms the High Street of Esher, crosses the A3 by way of a bridge north of Cobham, before terminating near a junction of the A3 in Cobham which is generally also known as Portsmouth Road.
The A307 follows the old route of the Portsmouth Road, particularly the section south of the junction with the A308. Since two major projects of the 1930s and 1960s respectively the Portsmouth Road, the A3 of today, has been diverted away from towns/villages instead through buffer land or more from urban centres and is a tripled or dualled in each direction. Robert Clive diverted it slightly believing it ran too close to his house at Claremont, the landscape garden of which remains and which it still borders. A watchman's box that also served as a village lock-up, dating from 1787, is next to the Fox & Duck in Petersham. Responsibility for the north section, Kew Road and Richmond Road, passed from the crown to the Commissioner of Works under the Crown Lands Act 1851.
The A307 was closed during 1979 and 1980 for a total of almost 18 months by the repeated collapse of a sewer and fresh water culvert in the road's narrowest section which is in Petersham, an ordeal referred to as the Petersham Hole. The route has sometimes been used from a few hundred metres south of the Richmond Gate of Richmond Park to Kingston as part of the London-Surrey cycle classic events routes, depending on the availability of Park Road, Kingston which avoids the hairpin and sharper descent at Richmond Gate.
