868

By place

Europe

• King Charles the Bald meets his brother Louis the German at Metz. They agree to a partition of Lotharingia, which belonged to former emperor Lothair I.
• Salomon, duke of Brittany, leads a joint campaign against the Loire Vikings. He is forced to defend south-eastern Brittany unaided, and mobilizes levies raised at Poitiers to defeat the Vikings.
• Al-Andalus: The city of Mérida rises against the Umayyad rule. Emir Muhammad I regains control, and has the walls of the city destroyed. He supports the rival creation of Badajoz in retaliation.
• The County of Portugal is established by Vímara Peres, an Asturian nobleman, after the reconquest from the Moors of the region north of the Douro River.

  Britain

• Alfred the Great marries Ealhswith. He supports his brother Æthelred I, in his choice to form an alliance with Mercia.
• King Burgred of Mercia appeals to Æthelred I for help in resisting the Great Heathen Army. The Danes occupy Nottingham, and stay through the winter without any serious opposition.
• King Áed Findliath drives the invading Danes and Norwegians out of Ireland, after defeating them at the Battle of Killineery.

  Africa

• September 15 - Ahmad ibn Tulun, a Turkish general, is sent to Egypt as governor, by the Abbasid caliph Al-Mu'tazz. He becomes the founder of the Tulunid Dynasty.
• Muslim Arab forces under Muhammad II, emir of the Aghlabid Dynasty, conquer the island of Malta and raid into the mainland of Italy.

  Asia

• The earliest extant printed book, an illustrated scroll of the Diamond Sūtra, unearthed at Dunhuang, is produced.

  By topic

Religion

• Ratramnus, Frankish monk and abbot of Corbie Abbey, writes Contra Graecorum Opposita.