A second battalion was raised in 1800. The 1st Battalion was deployed to Madeira in 1801 and both battalions went to Jamaica in 1802; the two battalions were amalgamated there later in the year. The regiment absorbed the Bucks volunteers in 1802 and became the 85th Regiment of Foot in 1802. It returned to England in 1808 and converted to a Light Infantry role, becoming the 85th Regiment of Foot later in the year. The regiment next took part in the disastrous Walcheren Campaign in autumn 1809. The regiment embarked for Portugal in 1811 for service under Viscount Wellington in the Peninsular War. It fought at the Battle of Fuentes de Oñoro in May 1811, the Second Siege of Badajoz later that month and the Siege of San Sebastián in autumn 1813. It then pursued the French Army into France and fought at the Battle of Nivelle in November 1813 and the Battle of the Nive in December 1813 before returning to England in April 1814. The regiment was dispatched to North America in May 1814 and saw action in the last phase of the War of 1812. It fought at the Battle of Bladensburg, capturing two American colours, in August 1814. Under the command of Colonel William Thornton, the regiment accompanied by detachments from the Royal Navy and Royal Marines, carried out a successful attack on the American positions on the west bank of the Mississippi River during the Battle of New Orleans in January 1815. Casualties among the regiment were: 2 dead, 1 captured and 41 wounded. The regiment returned home later that year.
The Victorian era
The regiment was dispatched to Malta and became the 85th Regiment of Light Infantry in April 1821. After that it transferred to Gibraltar and became the 85th, or The King's Regiment of Light Infantry in August 1827. The regiment went back to Malta in 1828 and then returned home in 1831. It embarked for Canada in 1838 as part of the response to the rebellions in Lower and Upper Canada and then transferred to the West Indies in 1843 before returning home in 1846. The regiment was posted to Mauritius in 1853 and South Africa in 1856 before returning home again in 1863. It embarked for India in 1868 and was deployed to Afghanistan for service in the Second Anglo-Afghan War in 1878. After returning to India, it took part in operations against the Zaimukhts and was involved in the destruction of their capital, Zawa, in 1879. As part of the Cardwell Reforms of the 1870s, where single-battalion regiments were linked together to share a single depot and recruiting district in the United Kingdom, the 85th was linked with the 52nd Regiment of Foot, and assigned to district no. 42 at Cowley Barracks in Oxford. On 1 July 1881 the Childers Reforms came into effect and the regiment amalgamated with 53rd Regiment of Foot to become the 2nd battalion, the King's Shropshire Light Infantry.
